ATI RN
Nursing Process Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 58-year-old man is diagnosed with cancer of the larynx. Which of the ff. are early symptoms of this cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dysphagia or hoarseness. In laryngeal cancer, dysphagia and hoarseness are early symptoms due to vocal cord involvement. Hoarseness results from vocal cord paralysis, while dysphagia occurs when the tumor obstructs the esophagus. Anemia and fatigue (choice A) are nonspecific symptoms seen in various conditions. A noticeable lump in the neck (choice B) typically indicates metastasis to the lymph nodes, which occurs later in laryngeal cancer. Crackles and stridor (choice C) are more associated with respiratory conditions rather than laryngeal cancer.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the ff is the potential complication the nurse should monitor for when caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Renal failure. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can lead to hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis, causing decreased perfusion to the kidneys and potentially leading to renal failure. Monitoring for signs of renal failure, such as decreased urine output and elevated creatinine levels, is crucial in managing clients with ARDS. Incorrect choices: A: Chest wall bulging is not a common complication of ARDS. It may be seen in conditions like tension pneumothorax. C: Difficulty swallowing is not a typical complication of ARDS. It may be seen in neurological conditions or esophageal disorders. D: Orthopnea is not a direct complication of ARDS. It is more commonly associated with heart failure or pulmonary edema.
Question 3 of 5
As the nurse collects data on a patient, which of the following is a symptom that may be found that the patient with anaphylaxis may be experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Wheezing. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can lead to airway constriction and difficulty breathing, resulting in wheezing. Wheezing is a common symptom of anaphylaxis due to bronchospasm and airway swelling. Dermatitis (A) is a skin reaction, sinusitis (B) is inflammation of the sinuses, and delirium (C) is a state of mental confusion, which are not typical symptoms of anaphylaxis. Wheezing is a critical symptom in anaphylaxis as it indicates potential airway compromise and the need for immediate medical intervention.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the ff would help a client with an allergic skin reaction to reduce itching and maintain skin intact? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing cotton gloves, especially during sleep, helps reduce itching by preventing scratching, which can further irritate the skin. Cotton is a breathable fabric that reduces friction and irritation. A: Humidifying the environment may help in some cases, but it doesn't directly address the itching or maintaining skin integrity. B: Avoiding a skin lubricant is not recommended as it can help moisturize the skin and reduce itching. C: Bathing with a bar soap that contains lye can be harsh and drying, exacerbating the skin reaction.
Question 5 of 5
What dietary advice should the nurse give to clients with HIV/AIDS?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decrease the intake of trace elements and antioxidant supplements. Clients with HIV/AIDS do not require additional trace elements and antioxidant supplements, as excessive intake can be harmful. HIV/AIDS already places stress on the immune system, so taking excessive supplements may lead to toxicity. It is important to focus on a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients rather than overloading the body with unnecessary supplements. Encouraging a healthy, balanced diet will help support overall health and immune function in clients with HIV/AIDS. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because encouraging excessive intake of fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins, iron, and zinc can also lead to potential adverse effects. It is important to focus on meeting the recommended daily allowances for these nutrients rather than exceeding them.