ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 56-year-old female hospital patient with a history of alcohol abuse is receiving intravenous (IV) phosphate replacement. Which of the following health problems will this IV therapy most likely resolve?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The client is acidotic and has impaired platelet function. IV phosphate replacement helps correct acidosis by buffering excess hydrogen ions and restoring normal pH levels. Acidosis can impair platelet function, leading to bleeding disorders. A: The client has an accumulation of fluid in her peritoneal cavity - IV phosphate replacement does not directly address this issue. C: The client has an irregular heart rate and a thready pulse - IV phosphate replacement does not directly affect heart rate and pulse rhythm. D: The client has abdominal spasms and hyperactive reflexes - IV phosphate replacement does not directly address these symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is discussing weight loss with a nurse. The patient says, I will not eat for 2 weeks, then I will lose at least 10 pounds. What should the nurse tell the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fasting for two weeks will slow the metabolic rate as the body conserves energy, making weight loss harder and potentially causing health issues.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse performing a nutritional assessment determines BMI of a 5-foot 11-inch male patient who weighs 180 pounds. What would be the BMI for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BMI = weight (kg) / height (m²). 180 lb = 81.65 kg, 5'11" = 1.803 m. 81.65 / (1.803²) ≈ 25.1.
Question 4 of 5
While reviewing an adult patients chart, a nurse notes average daily intake of fluids as 2,000 mL/day. What will the nurse do based on this information?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 2,000 mL/day is within the normal adult fluid intake range (1,500-2,500 mL), so no change is needed.
Question 5 of 5
A healthy, active 72-year-old woman asks a nurse if it is safe to take dietary supplements and, if so, what should be taken? What would the nurse tell her?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Older adults often need calcium, vitamin D (bone health), and B12 (absorption decreases with age).