ATI RN
Urinary System Test Questions And Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 55-year-old male presented with ulceroproliferative growth over the penile shaft. On evaluation, it is suggestive of squamous carcinoma with involvement of Corpora Cavernosum, including Tunica albuginea. He belongs to which of the following 'T' categories as per the latest TNM penile cancer staging system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: T3 in penile SCC includes corpus cavernosum invasion (past tunica albuginea) this case fits. T1 is lamina propria/subepithelial superficial. T2 is corpus spongiosum less deep. T4 involves adjacent structures (e.g., scrotum) not here. Cavernosal breach distinguishes T3, key to TNM depth, unlike shallower or external stages.
Question 2 of 5
Brain stem death cannot be declared in which paediatric age group
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brain stem death can't be declared under 2 months neurologic immaturity complicates criteria (e.g., apnea test unreliable). 2 months to 1 year allows adjusted protocols. 1-12 years follows pediatric standards feasible. Post-12 isn't restrictive adult-like. <2 months' limit distinguishes it, key to neonatal challenges, unlike older viable groups.
Question 3 of 5
Pediatric patients with uncomplicated ureteral stones less than 10 mm are best managed with
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alpha blockers (e.g., tamsulosin) best manage <10 mm pediatric ureteral stones relax ureter, aiding passage, non-invasive. ESWL (shock waves) is effective more invasive. Laser lithotripsy requires ureteroscopy surgical. Ureterolithotomy is open surgery last resort. Medical expulsion distinguishes it, key to conservative pediatric care, unlike procedural options.
Question 4 of 5
The treatment of choice for male patients with moderate to severe LUTS due to BPH and enlarged prostate is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Combining alpha blockers (e.g., tamsulosin) with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride) is optimal for moderate/severe LUTS with enlarged prostate alpha blockers relax, 5-ARIs shrink, addressing obstruction and growth. Alpha blockers alone relieve symptoms insufficient for size. Antimuscarinics target urgency not obstruction. PDE-5 inhibitors aid ED/LUTS less BPH-specific. Dual therapy's synergy distinguishes it, critical for comprehensive BPH management, unlike single or alternative combos.
Question 5 of 5
Which muscle metabolism waste product is eliminated by the kidneys?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Creatinine, from muscle creatine breakdown, is excreted by kidneys, unlike urea (protein), uric acid (purines), or creatine (precursor). This identifies muscle-specific waste, key for renal clearance, contrasting with other metabolites.