A 54-year-old menopausal patient comes into the gynecology ofÏce and is interested in hormone therapy. Which are indications for prescribing hormone therapy? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Hormone therapy (HT) is indicated for relieving menopausal symptoms like hot flashes. 2. HT is not indicated for preventing breast cancer, as it may actually increase the risk. 3. Studies show that HT does not prevent cardiovascular disease and may even increase the risk. 4. HT can help prevent osteoporosis in at-risk patients, but it is not the primary indication for prescribing HT in menopausal women.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: B: Monitoring serum calcium levels is crucial when a patient starts taking calcitriol to prevent hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia. This is because calcitriol regulates calcium absorption. Weight monitoring (A) may not be directly related. Teaching side effects (C) is important but not specific to calcitriol.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood glucose. Antidiabetic drugs work by lowering blood glucose levels, which is the primary goal in managing diabetes. By decreasing blood glucose, these drugs help to prevent complications associated with high blood sugar levels. Fat metabolism (B), glycogen storage (C), and protein mobilization (D) are not the primary targets of antidiabetic drugs. While they may be influenced indirectly, the main focus is on regulating blood glucose levels to maintain optimal health in individuals with diabetes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because rinsing the mouth after taking oral nitrofurantoin helps prevent staining of the teeth. Nitrofurantoin can cause teeth discoloration, so rinsing the mouth is essential to minimize this side effect. Choice A is incorrect because nitrofurantoin does not affect urine color. Choice C is incorrect because maintaining acidic urine is not necessary for nitrofurantoin therapy. Choice B is irrelevant as it is incomplete.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because both Tolbutamide (A) and Repaglinide (B) act by blocking ATP sensitive K+ channels on pancreatic beta cells, leading to insulin secretion. Tolbutamide is a sulfonylurea, while Repaglinide is a meglitinide. Ciglitazone (C) is a thiazolidinedione that works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, not by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly block ATP-sensitive K+ channels.