ATI RN
Gastrointestinal drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 52-year-old patient is taking well adjusted dosages of theophylline, warfarin, quinidine, and phenytoin for multiple medical problems. However, he starts taking a drug for some GI distress, but he presents with toxic effects from all his other medications, with elevation of their serum concentrations. Which was the drug the patient most likely took?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cimetidine inhibits CYP450 enzymes, increasing levels of drugs like theophylline, warfarin, quinidine, and phenytoin.
Question 2 of 5
A patient undergoing cancer chemotherapy gets ondansetron for prophylaxis of drug-induced nausea and vomiting. Which of the following best describes this drug's main mechanism of action in this setting?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ondansetron blocks 5-HT3 receptors, preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea by inhibiting serotonin signaling.
Question 3 of 5
On your way to an examination, you experience the vulnerable feeling that an attack of diarrhea is imminent. Which one of the following anti-diarrheal drugs could you buy without a prescription even though it is related chemically to the strong opioid-analgesic meperidine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loperamide, available OTC, is structurally related to meperidine and acts as an opioid agonist to reduce diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
The most dependable emetic used to expel ingested poisons is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intramuscular apomorphine is a potent and rapid-acting emetic, making it highly dependable for expelling ingested poisons in emergency situations.
Question 5 of 5
A patient returning from dinner party meets with road accident and has to be urgently operated upon under general anaesthesia. Which drug can be injected intramuscularly to hasten his gastric emptying
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastric emptying, making it suitable for emergency preoperative use to reduce aspiration risk.