ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 52-year-old man with asthma treated with a β2 agonist via inhaler has been having difficulty with therapy because of persistent changes in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, and hypomagnesemia. Which of the following medications would be best for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: β2-agonist side effects (BP changes, nausea, hypomagnesemia) suggest overuse. Ipratropium , an anticholinergic bronchodilator, avoids these. Options , , persist with β2-agonists, risking side effects. Epinephrine (E) worsens them. Ipratropium's different mechanism improves asthma control safely.
Question 2 of 5
What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can rarely lead to a serious adverse reaction known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe skin reaction that can be life-threatening and typically involves painful blistering and shedding of the skin. This reaction is considered a serious medical emergency and requires immediate medical attention. It is crucial to monitor for any signs of skin changes or reactions while using Furosemide and report them to a healthcare provider promptly.
Question 3 of 5
A patient diagnosed with alcoholism has questions about his medications. The nurse correctly explains that alcoholism can be associated with deficiency of which vitamin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcoholism is commonly associated with deficiencies in B-complex vitamins, particularly thiamine (B1), due to poor dietary intake and impaired absorption. Vitamin A (A), vitamin D (C), and vitamin K (D) deficiencies are less commonly linked to alcoholism.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension. They are effective in reducing blood pressure by promoting diuresis and decreasing plasma volume. Thiazide diuretics work by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes. This helps to reduce blood volume and subsequently lower blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics are generally well-tolerated and effective, making them a preferred choice for initial antihypertensive therapy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, a type of angiotensin inhibitor, may have a serious interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). When used together, they may reduce the effectiveness of the ACE inhibitor in lowering blood pressure and could potentially lead to decreased kidney function. It is important for the nurse to be aware of this interaction and monitor the patient closely for any adverse effects when these medications are used concurrently.