ATI RN
ATI Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 51-year-old cook comes to your office for consultation. She recently found out that her 44-year-old sister with premenopausal breast cancer is positive for the BRCA1 gene. Your patient has been doing research on the Internet and saw that her chance of having also inherited the BRCA1 gene is 50%. She is interested in knowing what her risk of developing breast cancer would be if she were positive for the gene. She denies any lumps in her breasts and has had normal mammograms. She has had no weight loss, fever, or night sweats. Her mother is healthy and her father has prostate cancer. Two of her paternal aunts died of breast cancer. She is married. She denies using tobacco or illegal drugs and rarely drinks alcohol. Her breast and axilla examinations are unremarkable. At her age, what is her risk of getting breast cancer if she has the BRCA1 gene?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (50%). Given the patient's family history of premenopausal breast cancer in her sister with the BRCA1 gene, her risk of developing breast cancer with the gene is 50%. BRCA1 mutations significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. The patient's normal mammograms and lack of breast symptoms do not negate the genetic risk. Options A (10%) and C (80%) are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the elevated risk associated with BRCA1 mutations. Option D is incomplete and cannot be considered as a valid choice. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is B (50%).
Question 2 of 5
A 19-year-old woman comes to the clinic at the insistence of her brother. She is wearing black combat boots and a black lace nightgown over the top of her other clothes. Her hair is dyed pink with black streaks throughout. She has several pierced holes in her nares and ears and is wearing an earring through her eyebrow and heavy black makeup. The nurse concludes that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is important to gather more information before making assumptions or conclusions about the woman's appearance. Without a comprehensive assessment of her mental health, personal preferences, cultural background, and any potential underlying issues, it would be inappropriate to jump to conclusions about her attire. Choice A is incorrect because judging solely based on appearance is not a valid way to assess someone's well-being. Choice B is incorrect as dismissing her appearance as a mere attempt to shock overlooks the potential reasons behind her choices. Choice C is incorrect because associating her appearance with a manic syndrome without proper evaluation is premature and stigmatizing.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse asks, 'I would like to ask you some questions about your health and your usual daily activities so that we can better plan your stay here.' This question is found at the _____ phase of the interview process.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Opening or introduction. In the given question, the nurse is initiating the conversation by introducing the purpose of the interview and setting the stage for gathering information. This phase is crucial as it helps establish rapport and build trust with the patient. The opening phase allows the nurse to start the conversation in a structured and organized manner. Summary: This choice is incorrect because the summary phase comes at the end of the interview where the nurse would recap important points discussed. Closing: This choice is incorrect as the closing phase involves wrapping up the interview and discussing next steps or providing closure. Body: This choice is incorrect as the body phase is where the main discussion and information gathering take place.
Question 4 of 5
Which of these techniques uses the sense of touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, and swelling?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palpation. Palpation is the technique of using the sense of touch to assess various aspects such as texture, temperature, moisture, and swelling. It involves feeling the body with the hands to gather information about the underlying structures. Inspection (B) is the visual examination, not tactile. Percussion (C) is tapping on the body to listen for sounds, not assessing through touch. Auscultation (D) is listening to sounds within the body using a stethoscope, not related to touch assessment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient's skin. Which technique should be used to best assess skin temperature?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dorsal surface of the hand. This is because the dorsal surface of the hand is less sensitive to temperature variations compared to the palmar surface, allowing for a more accurate assessment of skin temperature. Using the fingertips may lead to inaccurate results due to their high sensitivity to temperature changes. The ulnar portion of the hand is not commonly used for assessing skin temperature. Overall, the dorsal surface of the hand provides a more reliable and consistent assessment of skin temperature due to its lower sensitivity to temperature changes.