ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 50-year-old woman reports vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse. The nurse suspects that she is in menopause. Which of the following is a common symptom of menopause?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hot flashes. Menopause is characterized by the cessation of menstruation and a decline in estrogen levels, leading to symptoms like hot flashes. Vaginal dryness and discomfort are also common symptoms, but hot flashes are more specific to menopause. Mood swings can occur due to hormonal changes, but they are not as specific to menopause as hot flashes. Night sweats are similar to hot flashes but occur during the night and are not as indicative of menopause as hot flashes.
Question 2 of 5
___________ is the site of blood filtration in the human body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The kidney. The kidney is the site of blood filtration in the human body, specifically in the nephrons where waste products are removed and filtered blood is returned to circulation. The heart (A) pumps blood, the small intestine (C) aids in digestion, and the lung (D) is responsible for gas exchange. The kidney is uniquely designed for blood filtration through its specialized structures like glomeruli and tubules.
Question 3 of 5
During examination of the scrotum, a normal finding would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is a normal anatomical variation for the left testicle to hang lower than the right due to the longer length of the left spermatic cord. This is called the "cremasteric reflex." Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the testicles should feel similar in firmness, size, and tenderness on examination.
Question 4 of 5
This antitubercular drug has penetration to the CSF equal to plasma concentration, of which it is highly useful in meningeal TB:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Pyrazinamide has excellent penetration into CSF due to its small molecular size and lipid solubility. 2. This characteristic makes it highly effective in treating meningeal tuberculosis. 3. Isoniazid, Rifampicin, and Ethambutol do not have the same level of CSF penetration as Pyrazinamide. 4. Isoniazid is primarily metabolized in the liver, Rifampicin has poor CSF penetration, and Ethambutol has limited penetration. 5. Therefore, Pyrazinamide is the most suitable choice for treating meningeal TB due to its ability to reach therapeutic concentrations in the CSF. Summary of incorrect choices: A. Isoniazid is metabolized in the liver and does not have equal penetration to CSF. B. Rifampicin has poor penetration into CSF compared to Pyrazinamide. C. Ethambutol has limited penetration to CS
Question 5 of 5
This class of drug exert its antimicrobial action by binding to 30S ribosomes and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, is the drug of choice for treating non-gonococcal urethritis caused by Chlamydia and Ureaplasma, but should be avoided in patients with liver disease:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tetracyclines. Tetracyclines work by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, inhibiting protein synthesis. They are effective in treating non-gonococcal urethritis caused by Chlamydia and Ureaplasma. However, tetracyclines should be avoided in patients with liver disease due to the potential for hepatotoxicity. Explanation: 1. Daptomycin (A) is a lipopeptide antibiotic that acts by disrupting bacterial cell membrane function, not by binding to ribosomes. 2. Carbapenems (B) are beta-lactam antibiotics that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, not protein synthesis via ribosomal binding. 3. Cephalosporins (C) are beta-lactam antibiotics that also inhibit cell wall synthesis and do not target ribosomes like tetracyclines do.