ATI RN
Hematology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old child has multiple bruises on her extremities and oral mucosal bleeding of 3 days duration; she had a mild respiratory tract infection 2 weeks before; physical examination was normal apart from multiple ecchymoses and petechiae. Of the following, the NEXT diagnostic step is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-viral bruising and mucosal bleeding suggest ITP. CBC (A) confirms thrombocytopenia, the next step before PT (B), BT (C), PTT (D), or ANA (E), which assess other causes.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is the best treatment for a 5-year-old girl with acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and platelets count of $30,000 / \mathrm{ml}$ and mild petechial rash all over her body?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute ITP with platelets 30,000/mL and mild petechiae often resolves spontaneously (E), especially without severe bleeding, unlike IVIG (A), anti-D (B), steroids (C), or transfusion (D).
Question 3 of 5
It is a common complication after an open heart surgery due to immunological phenomena with up to 30% of cardiac surgery. Treatment is usually with anti-inflammatory medications and colchicine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postpericardiotomy syndrome (C) occurs in up to 30% of cardiac surgeries, treated with anti-inflammatories and colchicine, fitting the description.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following symptoms/signs is a manifestation of polycythemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep vein thrombosis (B) is common in polycythemia due to increased viscosity and clotting risk.
Question 5 of 5
The LEAST helpful historical clue in Iron deficiency anemia is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Giardia (D) is less commonly linked to iron deficiency than pica (A), milk intake (C), or surgery (E); age (B) is relevant.