ATI RN
ABVD chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old boy is going to undergo tonsillectomy. The procedure will be performed under inhalational anesthesia initially. The boy is very afraid of going to sleep. Which of the following agents would most likely agitate him the most in terms of getting him to sleep for the procedure less quickly and create the most amount of agitation during anesthetic induction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Desflurane has a pungent odor and high airway irritability, which can cause agitation, coughing, and resistance during induction, especially in children, delaying sleep onset.
Question 2 of 5
A 32-year-old woman found out 1 month ago that she has HIV disease. She began a HAART regimen after learning her HIV status. Now she presents with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Serum amylase is elevated. If her condition is related to her medications, which drug is most likely the cause of her symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor in HAART, is commonly associated with gastrointestinal side effects and pancreatitis (elevated amylase), due to its metabolic effects.
Question 3 of 5
A 22-year-old sexually active male presents to his primary care physician with painful urination and urethral discharge. Gram stain of discharge fluid shows gram-negative diplococci. He is given ceftriaxone for gonococcal infection. What additional medication, if any, should he be given?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Doxycycline is added to ceftriaxone to treat possible co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, which often accompanies gonorrhea and requires a different antibiotic class.
Question 4 of 5
A 67-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with a viral infection. She has a 45 pack-year history of smoking, and past medical history includes COPD. The virus causing her infection has a specific M2 ion channel that can be blocked by certain antivirals. With which virus is she infected?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Influenza A has an M2 ion channel that can be blocked by antivirals like amantadine or rimantadine, making it the likely infection in this COPD patient with a viral illness.
Question 5 of 5
A 65-year-old man who has already suffered one myocardial infarction because of extensive atherosclerosis is interested in modifying his risk for a second cardiac event. In terms of lipoproteins, which of the following should be modified to reduce the atherogenicity potential?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the primary contributor to atherosclerosis; reducing LDL levels decreases plaque formation and risk of recurrent myocardial infarction.