A 5-year-old boy is brought by her mother complaining of frequent attacks of anger, sadness, and exaggerated startle response over the past weeks; the mother states he has prolonged periods of sitting alone as he doesn`t like to be with the others; he has been developed those symptoms immediately after experiencing a bad car accident with his father before weeks. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute PTSD occurs within one month of a traumatic event, fitting the timeline described.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Therapeutic hypothermia reduces brain injury by slowing metabolism and decreasing inflammation. It is indicated for moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in term infants within 6 hours of birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis is caused by bicarbonate loss, such as in diarrhea, where excessive bicarbonate is lost through stool, leading to acidosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) involves defective platelet adhesion due to deficient vWF, causing prolonged bleeding time despite normal platelet count.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypomanic episodes are associated with bipolar disorder, not major depressive episodes. Depressed mood, loss of interest, and significant weight loss are core criteria for major depression.