ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old African American patient has been admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pheochromocytoma. The physician has ordered phentolamine. The nurse knows that the other indication for phentolamine is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phentolamine (Regitine) is used for the prevention of cell death and tissue sloughing after extravasation of intravenous norepinephrine or dopamine, and severe hypertension reactions caused by manipulation of the pheochromocytoma before and during surgery; diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Phentolamine would not be indicated for treatment of migraine headaches, life-threatening arrhythmias, or heart failure. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which intravenous solution is correct for use with the PRBC transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When preparing to transfuse packed red blood cells (PRBCs), the correct intravenous solution to use is 0.9% sodium chloride (NS), which is also known as normal saline. This solution is preferred because it is isotonic and compatible with blood products like PRBCs. Using NS helps maintain the osmolarity of the blood, preventing hemolysis of red blood cells and providing a stable environment for the transfusion. Other solutions like D5W, D5NS, and D5LR are not recommended for use with PRBC transfusion because they are either hypotonic, hypertonic, or contain additives that can lead to hemolysis or other adverse reactions in the patient receiving the blood transfusion.
Question 3 of 5
The patient has been receiving amitriptyline (Elavil) for 2 weeks. He tells the nurse he doesn't think this medicine is working, as he is still depressed. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amitriptyline, a TCA, needs 4-6 weeks for full antidepressant effect-serotonin/norepinephrine buildup, per pharmacology. ‘Looking better' dismisses feelings. Switching meds is premature-2 weeks is early. Months overstates delay. Weeks to effect educates, setting realistic hope.
Question 4 of 5
A 48-year-old woman with 2-year history of rheumatoid arthritis has not had sufficient relief with methotrexate alone. Her physician prescribes a biologic TNF-α inhibitor that consists of a recombinant human IgG fused to TNF-α receptor. Which of the following drugs is this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression despite methotrexate warrants a TNF-α inhibitor. The description-recombinant human IgG fused to TNF-α receptor-points to Etanercept . Adalimumab and Golimumab are monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α, not receptor fusions. Certolizumab is a PEGylated Fab fragment, not IgG-based. Etanercept , a fusion protein, binds TNF-α, neutralizing it, and matches the question's structure. Infliximab (E) is a chimeric antibody. Etanercept's unique receptor-IgG design distinguishes it, effectively reducing RA inflammation by sequestering TNF-α, a key cytokine, making it the precise answer here.
Question 5 of 5
Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator medication commonly used to treat bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Albuterol can be given in various forms, including extended-release tablets for oral use, inhalation solutions for nebulization, and oral syrups. However, albuterol is not typically administered intravenously because it can cause severe cardiovascular side effects, such as tachycardia and arrhythmias, when given directly into the bloodstream. For this reason, intravenous administration of albuterol is contraindicated in most cases and is not a common route of administration for this medication.