A 5 months child is brought for routine care. During auscultation of heart you find a short systolic murmur at left upper sternal border with soft 2nd heart sound. The most likely diagnosis is?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atrial septal defect (ASD) often presents with a systolic ejection murmur at the left upper sternal border and a fixed split second heart sound.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When the nurse interviews an adolescent, allowing an opportunity for the adolescent to express their feelings is especially important. Adolescents are at a stage in life where they are developing their own identity and dealing with a range of emotions. Providing a safe space for them to open up about their thoughts and feelings can help the nurse better understand and address their needs. This can also build a trustful relationship between the nurse and the adolescent, leading to more effective communication and care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Functional constipation is the most common cause of constipation in children, often due to diet or behavioral factors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a client is in a state of respiratory arrest, it means their breathing has stopped. This is a life-threatening emergency situation that requires immediate action. The nurse should discontinue administering oxygen and promptly notify the physician for further intervention, such as initiating CPR or advanced airway management. Prompt recognition and timely response to respiratory arrest are crucial in saving the client's life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This milestone is typically achieved around 36 months.