ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Assessment 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 48-year-old man presents to the emergency department in the morning with urticaria and difficulty breathing following a bee sting received while gardening. He is treated, recovers, and is sent home. Later that evening, his symptoms return and he is treated again in the emergency department. He denies having been stung again. What should have been given to this patient to avoid his return to the emergency department?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recurrent allergic symptoms post-bee sting suggest ongoing inflammation. Prednisolone , a corticosteroid, reduces late-phase reactions. Diphenhydramine and Loratadine treat acute symptoms. Epinephrine is for anaphylaxis but short-acting. Prednisolone prevents biphasic reactions, avoiding his return.
Question 2 of 5
What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct definition for absorption of a drug is the movement of a drug from the site of administration (e.g., mouth, skin, injection site) into the bloodstream and then to various tissues of the body. This process is a critical step in the pharmacokinetics of a drug, as it determines the rate and extent to which the drug reaches its target site of action. Absorption can be affected by various factors such as the route of administration, drug formulation, and physiological factors of the individual.
Question 3 of 5
When applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches, which instruction by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rotating the application sites of transdermal nitroglycerin patches is important to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. By changing the site with each dose, the nurse ensures proper absorption of the medication and reduces the risk of skin reactions. It is not recommended to always apply the patch to the same site, as this can lead to localized skin irritation. It is also important to avoid using areas with a lot of hair or bony prominences, as well as to avoid areas with scars or skin folds. Rotation of application sites helps maintain the effectiveness of the nitroglycerin patch therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is giving instructions to a client receiving phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse concludes that the client has a sufficient knowledge if the client states that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring serum phenytoin levels is essential to ensure therapeutic efficacy and avoid toxicity. Wearing a medical alert tag is recommended for clients on phenytoin. Alcohol should be avoided, and taking the medication with milk can interfere with absorption. Therefore, the correct statement indicating sufficient knowledge is about monitoring serum levels.
Question 5 of 5
The client says to the nurse, 'My wife and I take the same drug, but we have different side effects. Are we doing something wrong?' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sex differences affect drug metabolism (e.g., liver enzymes, body fat), leading to varied side effects, a normal pharmacodynamic variation, reassuring the client they're not at fault. Checking the drug delays a clear answer. Generic vs. brand typically doesn't alter side effects-bioequivalence is required. Uncertainty muddies education. Sex-based differences offer a concise, accurate explanation, normalizing their experience and enhancing understanding.