ATI RN
Chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 47-year-old man with a history of spina bifida presents to the emergency department with a fever. His temperature was 102°F orally. He has a neurogenic bladder secondary to his spina bifida. A urinalysis showed an infection, and culture grew out vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. He is started on Linezolid. What is the mechanism of resistance of bacteria to vancomycin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) replaces D-alanine with D-lactate in its cell wall, reducing vancomycin binding affinity, a common resistance mechanism.
Question 2 of 5
A 27-year-old man has been hospitalized with fatigue and feeling sick for the past 4 months. After many tests and labs, an HIV test is performed and comes back positive. His HIV viral load is 36,000 and CD4 count is 369. He is started on multidrug therapy for his HIV disease. One of the drugs is raltegravir. What is the mechanism of action of raltegravir?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Raltegravir, an integrase inhibitor, prevents HIV DNA integration into the host genome, a key step in viral replication.
Question 3 of 5
The following precautions about tetracycline use are true EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tetracyclines are contraindicated in pregnancy and early childhood due to effects on teeth and bones, making D the incorrect precaution.
Question 4 of 5
The long-acting penicillin applied for chemoprophylaxis of rheumatic fever as a monthly injection is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Benzathine penicillin is used as a monthly injection for rheumatic fever prophylaxis due to its long-acting depot formulation.
Question 5 of 5
Precautions to reduce crystalluria during sulphonamides use is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alkalinization of urine enhances sulphonamide solubility, preventing crystal formation in the urinary tract.