A 47 year old house painter is brought to the hospital after falling 6 meters from a ladder and landing straddled on a fence. Examination of his perineum reveals extensive ecchymosis. There is blood in the external urethral meatus. The initial diagnostic study for evaluation of the urinary tract in this patient should be:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Retrograde urethrography." In this case, the patient presents with blood in the external urethral meatus, indicating a possible urethral injury. Retrograde urethrography is the most appropriate initial diagnostic study to evaluate the integrity of the urethra. This procedure involves injecting contrast material into the urethra to visualize any disruptions or strictures. Cystoscopy (choice A) is invasive and not the initial study of choice for evaluating urethral injuries. Cystography (choice B) is used to assess bladder injuries, not urethral injuries. IV pyelography (choice C) is used to assess the kidneys and ureters, not the urethra. Therefore, retrograde urethrography is the most suitable option for this patient's presentation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Return charts to their proper place after use. This is the best way for a nursing assistant to keep residents' health information confidential because it ensures that sensitive information is securely stored and not left out in the open where unauthorized individuals may access it. By returning charts to their proper place, the nursing assistant maintains the confidentiality and privacy of residents' health information. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A: Discussing a resident's information away from the facility does not guarantee confidentiality as the information can still be overheard by others outside the facility. B: Bringing family and friends to the facility can compromise residents' privacy as they may inadvertently overhear confidential information. D: Posting updates about residents on social media violates their privacy and confidentiality, as this information can be accessed by a wider audience, including individuals who should not have access to it.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Chest pain is a serious medical symptom that could indicate a heart attack or other life-threatening condition. Step 2: Reporting chest pain immediately to the nurse allows for prompt assessment and potential life-saving interventions. Step 3: Family visiting, watching TV excessively, and feeling lonely are not urgent medical conditions that require immediate reporting to the nurse. Summary: Choice B is correct because chest pain can be a sign of a medical emergency, while choices A, C, and D are not urgent medical issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Giving the resident time to speak shows respect and allows them to communicate at their own pace. 2. Rushing the resident or interrupting can be frustrating and hinder effective communication. 3. Removing oxygen or inserting a tracheostomy tube before speaking are unnecessary and potentially harmful interventions. 4. Insisting that the resident speak disregards their communication preferences and autonomy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Wash her hands. Washing hands is crucial to prevent the transfer of pathogens from dirty utility room to other areas. Firstly, it removes any pathogens that may be on the hands. Secondly, it reduces the risk of contamination when touching other surfaces. Changing gloves (A) is important, but hand washing is more effective. Disinfecting equipment (B) is also necessary, but hand hygiene is the primary measure. Closing the door securely (D) does not directly address the transfer of pathogens through hand contact.