A 44-year-old black man is brought to the emergency department by a friend with 6~h of worsening lethargy and confusion. Past medical history is significant for easy bruising, 3 months of bone pain, and frequent pneumococcal infections. Labs were ordered, revealing a serum calcium of 17mg\dL (normal: 9 to 10.5 \mg\dL ). Which of the following may be used to rapidly lower his serum calcium?

A 44-year-old black man is brought to the emergency department by a friend with 6~h of worsening lethargy and confusion. Past medical history is significant for easy bruising, 3 months of bone pain, and frequent pneumococcal infections. Labs were ordered, revealing a serum calcium of 17mg\dL (normal: 9 to 10.5 \mg\dL ). Which of the following may be used to rapidly lower his serum calcium?

A 43-year-old man with a history of low libido and erectile dysfunction presents to his primary care physician for treatment. Physical examination reveals normal testicular size. Serum testosterone is 200mg\dL. He is on treatment with testosterone 1% gel. Which of the following adverse effects is possible as a result of this preparation?

A 42-year-old man is a habitual coffee drinker of caffeinated products. Chronic use of this product has led to his addiction. What is the most likely mechanism of action of caffeine?

A 78-year-old postmenopausal woman has been steadily losing weight over the past 6 months. She has no family history of breast or endometrial cancer. Which steroid hormone could she be given to increase her appetite?

A 29-year-old man with a family history of heart disease comes to your office for a routine checkup. A lipid profile on a blood draw reveals high LDL and low HDL. One way to decrease the amount of LDL in the blood is to hinder intestinal absorption of cholesterol. Which of the following drugs blocks brush border enzymes to inhibit intestinal absorption of cholesterol?