ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 42-year-old woman with a 1-year history of rheumatoid arthritis comes to see you complaining of worsening symptoms. She has been taking leflunomide. You know that IL-1 and TNF-α are two key cytokines involved in the negative sequelae of rheumatoid arthritis. You decide to give her anakinra to interfere with IL-1 signaling. Which of the following is the most common side effect of anakinra administration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anakinra, an IL-1 antagonist, commonly causes injection site reactions , due to subcutaneous delivery. Blurry vision , diarrhea , headache , and nausea (E) are less frequent. This local irritation is expected in RA treatment escalation.
Question 2 of 5
A 44-year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia is undergoing a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Agents used include methotrexate. The cycle of medication will last 6 weeks. Which of the following tissues is most likely to experience toxic effects as a result of this therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate targets rapidly dividing cells. Buccal mucosa , with high turnover, is most vulnerable, causing mucositis. Bones (B, D) and skin are less affected. Teeth (E) aren't primary. This toxicity reflects methotrexate's antimetabolite action in ALL.
Question 3 of 5
What is the priority outcome for a 6-year-old patient who had been started on methylphenidate (Ritalin)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methylphenidate for ADHD risks appetite suppression-maintaining weight is priority, per side effect monitoring, as growth lags can occur. Avoiding fights, chores, and play improve but aren't immediate risks. Weight reflects health impact, key in kids.
Question 4 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The estimated number of people with hypertension in the United States is around 25 million. Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a prevalent health condition affecting a significant portion of the population. This estimate is based on data collected from various healthcare sources and studies on the prevalence of hypertension in the country. It is important to monitor and manage hypertension effectively to prevent the associated health risks, such as heart disease and stroke.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a patient who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse tells the patient that these patches are most appropriately used for which situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transdermal nitroglycerin patches are primarily used for the prevention and management of angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Nitroglycerin works by dilating the blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce the workload on the heart. By preventing angina episodes, nitroglycerin patches can help to alleviate chest pain, improve exercise tolerance, and enhance the overall quality of life for patients with angina. It is not used to prevent low blood pressure, relieve shortness of breath, or control heart rate during exercise.