ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 42-year-old woman with a 1-year history of rheumatoid arthritis comes to see you complaining of worsening symptoms. She has been taking leflunomide. You know that IL-1 and TNF-α are two key cytokines involved in the negative sequelae of rheumatoid arthritis. You decide to give her anakinra to interfere with IL-1 signaling. Which of the following is the most common side effect of anakinra administration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anakinra, an IL-1 antagonist, commonly causes injection site reactions , due to subcutaneous delivery. Blurry vision , diarrhea , headache , and nausea (E) are less frequent. This local irritation is expected in RA treatment escalation.
Question 2 of 5
Potential causes for respiratory alkalosis include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) is excessively exhaled, raising blood pH. Hyperventilation is a primary cause, as rapid breathing reduces CO2, a respiratory acid, leading to alkalosis—common in anxiety, fever, or hypoxia. Hypotension or hypertension affects circulation, not ventilation rate directly, and aren't causes. Hypoventilation retains CO2, causing acidosis, not alkalosis. The nurse identifies hyperventilation as the physiological trigger, aligning with acid-base balance principles, making choice D the accurate cause in this context.
Question 3 of 5
The patient receives aspirin. The nurse assesses an adverse effect to this drug when the patient makes which response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin's antiplatelet effect risks GI bleeding, causing dark stools , a serious adverse effect needing urgent assessment. Nasal stuffiness , photophobia , and nocturia aren't typical. A signals potential hemorrhage, making it the correct adverse effect.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, treats UTIs but causes photosensitivity, risking severe sunburn. Avoiding sun exposure prevents this, a key instruction for safety. Milk reduces absorption via calcium binding, lowering efficacy. Taking it PRN risks incomplete treatment and resistance. Doubling doses courts toxicity. Sun avoidance aligns with ciprofloxacin's side effect profile, critical for outpatient adherence where sun exposure is common. This teaching prevents avoidable harm, distinguishing it from administration errors, making B the essential instruction.
Question 5 of 5
The following drugs are commonly associated with serotonin syndrome:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fluoxetine, an SSRI, is a common cause of serotonin syndrome when used alone or in combination with other serotonergic agents.