ATI RN
foundation of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 42 year-old patient tells the nurse that she has found a painless lump in her right breast during her monthly self-examination. She says that she is afraid that she has cancer. Which assessment finding would most strongly suggest that this patients lump is cancerous?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nonmobile mass with irregular edges would most strongly suggest that the patient's lump is cancerous. Breast cancer lumps typically do not move easily and have irregular, poorly defined edges. These characteristics are concerning because they can indicate an invasive and aggressive growth pattern. Additionally, the fact that the lump is painless is another feature that raises suspicion for malignancy. It is important for the patient to undergo further evaluation, possibly including a mammogram, ultrasound, and biopsy, to determine the nature of the lump and provide appropriate treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is post-operative day 1 following a vaginal hysterectomy. The nurse notes an increase in the patients abdominal girth and the patient complains of bloating. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate action for the nurse to take in this situation is to apply warm compresses to the patient's lower abdomen. Abdominal bloating and an increase in abdominal girth can be common following a vaginal hysterectomy. Applying warm compresses to the lower abdomen can help to relieve bloating and discomfort by promoting relaxation of the abdominal muscles and increasing blood flow to the area. This can provide relief to the patient and support their recovery process. Applying warm compresses is a non-invasive intervention that can be easily implemented and is commonly used in post-operative care to address abdominal discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a 24-hour urine specimencollection from the patient. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When obtaining a 24-hour urine specimen, it is important to keep the urine collection container on ice if indicated. Storing the urine on ice helps to preserve the integrity of certain components in the specimen that might be affected by higher temperatures. Some tests require the sample to be kept cool to ensure accurate results. Therefore, the nurse should follow the specific instructions provided for the collection and storage of the urine specimen.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been admitted to the neurologic ICU with a diagnosis of a brain tumor. The patient is scheduled to have a tumor resection/removal in the morning. Which of the following assessment parameters should the nurse include in the initial assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most critical assessment parameter to include in the initial assessment of a patient with a brain tumor scheduled for surgery is the gag reflex. The gag reflex is a protective mechanism that prevents the entry of foreign objects into the airway and lungs. Patients undergoing brain tumor resection may be at risk for impaired gag reflex due to the effects of the tumor on cranial nerves or related structures. Identifying any impairment in the gag reflex is essential to prevent aspiration during and after the surgical procedure. Monitoring the gag reflex allows the healthcare team to take necessary precautions to protect the patient's airway and prevent complications. Therefore, assessing the gag reflex is crucial in the care of a patient with a brain tumor undergoing surgery.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of women about the potential benefits of breast self-examination (BSE). The nurse should teach the women that effective BSE is dependent on what factor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effective breast self-examination (BSE) relies significantly on women's knowledge of their own breasts. Understanding how their breasts normally look and feel allows women to detect any changes such as lumps, dimpling, or discharge, which may be early signs of breast abnormalities like cancer. By being familiar with their breasts' normal appearance and texture, women can promptly seek medical attention if they notice any unusual changes. This self-awareness and familiarity with their breasts are crucial in enabling women to perform BSE effectively and to detect any potential issues early on.