ATI RN
Quizlet ATI Pharmacology Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 42-year-old female who is obese and with a history of gallstones and cholecystitis complains of superficial skin swelling and itching. Physical examination by the primary care physician reveals skin erythema, tenderness, and swelling consistent with cellulitis. The patient is given a prescription for erythromycin. Which of the following effects must the treating physician be keenly aware of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
A hospital nurse is taking imipramine for a phobic anxiety disorder, and her patient is being treated with chlorpromazine for a psychotic disorder. Which of the following adverse effects is likely to occur in both of these individuals?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Imipramine (TCA) and chlorpromazine (antipsychotic) share anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic blocking properties. Orthostatic hypotension arises from alpha-1 receptor blockade, causing vasodilation and blood pressure drops upon standing, a common effect in both drugs, impacting patients and users alike. Excessive salivation and pupillary constriction (miosis) are cholinergic effects, opposite to their anticholinergic actions (dry mouth, mydriasis). Seizure threshold decreases with both, but this isn't an ‘adverse effect' per se—it's a risk. Weight loss isn't typical; TCAs and antipsychotics often cause gain. The shared alpha-blockade mechanism makes orthostatic hypotension a frequent, clinically significant side effect in both individuals, requiring caution in mobility and monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
A patient was prescribed sertraline (Zoloft) for the treatment of depression and anxiety. The patient's spouse calls the clinic and reports the patient is increasingly moody and seems 'disconnected with life.' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sertraline, an SSRI, carries a black box warning for increased suicidal risk, particularly early in treatment, as it can paradoxically worsen mood or detachment in some patients. The spouse's report of moodiness and disconnection suggests possible suicidal ideation or adverse effects, necessitating urgent in-person assessment to evaluate safety and adjust treatment. Giving diphenhydramine is inappropriate, as it addresses neither depression nor the drug's effects and could mask symptoms. Holding medication without assessment risks untreated depression or withdrawal effects. Doubling the dose could exacerbate the issue, increasing risk. The nurse's priority is patient safety, requiring immediate evaluation by a professional, making choice B the most responsible and evidence-based response.
Question 4 of 5
The physician has prescribed sertraline (Zoloft) for the patient who is anxious and depressed. The patient calls the nurse to report that he has experienced delayed ejaculation since being on this medication. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sertraline, an SSRI, often causes sexual dysfunction like delayed ejaculation due to serotonin elevation. Reporting this to the doctor allows dose adjustment or switching (e.g., to bupropion), addressing quality of life. Choice B minimizes the issue, risking noncompliance. Choice C assumes suicide risk without basis. Choice D falsely promises resolution. A advocates for the patient, ensuring tailored care, making it the best response.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin risks gingival hyperplasia, making oral hygiene vital'brushing and flossing prevent this, showing teaching success. Alcohol increases seizure risk and drug levels. Milk reduces absorption via calcium binding. Stopping after a month risks recurrence, as seizures require long-term control. Regular dental care mitigates a common, chronic side effect, aligning with phenytoin's long-term use and metabolism (CYP450 saturation). This statement reflects understanding of self-care, critical for adherence and complication prevention, making B the indicator of effective education.