ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 4-year-old boy is asked to stand up; he arisfrom lying on the floor by using his arms to climb up his legs and body, this sign reflects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gowers sign reflects proximal weakness, per neuromuscular texts, seen in Duchenne dystrophy, where boys climb up legs due to hip/thigh weakness. Denervation causatrophy; corticospinal spasticity; cerebellar ataxia. Proximal pattern make B the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A 12-year-old female is complaining from stereotyped attacks of bitemporal, severe, pounding pain that are aggravated by activity and last for 1 to 72 hours. Of the following, the MOST likely associated diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Migraine headache fits bitemporal, severe, pounding pain lasting 1-72 hours, worsened by activity, per ICHD-3. Tension is band-like, mild; secondary needs underlying cause (e.g., tumor, D); sinusitis is facial. Migrainthrobbing stereotype make B the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
The incidence of childhood epilepsy is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Childhood epilepsy incidence is 1-2% , per ILAE, with ~50-100 casper 100,000 annually. Higher rat(B-E, 3-10%) overestimate; prevalence may reach 5%, but incidence is lower. Epidemiologic data, reflecting new diagnoses, make A the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Status epilepticus is a neurologic emergency and is defined as ongoing seizure activity or repetitive seizurwithout return of consciousness for greater than
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Status epilepticus is defined as >30 minutof seizuror no recovery between, per ILAE, risking neuronal damage. Shorter is prolonged; longer (C-E) exceeds standard. Thirty minutguidintervention, making B the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
A 6-month-old infant presents with severe hypotonia and generalized weakness, his creatine phosphokinase (CK) is mildly elevated, the electromyelogram (EMG) shows fasciculations and fibrillations, muscle biopsy specimens show grouped atrophy. Of the following, the MOST likely finding in this infant is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absent deep tendon reflexfit spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), per pediatric neurology, with hypotonia, weakness, mild CK elevation, and EMG/biopsy showing denervation (fasciculations, grouped atrophy). Sensation is spared; ptosis myasthenic; cognition normal; Moro irrelevant. Reflex loss from anterior horn cell loss makes A the correct answer.