ATI RN
Chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 39-year-old man with HIV disease and active tuberculosis is hospitalized for therapy. He currently takes a protease inhibitor. He complains of cough, dyspnea, and chest pressure. Which of the following is the best treatment adjunct for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rifabutin is preferred over rifampin in HIV patients on protease inhibitors due to fewer drug interactions with cytochrome P450, effectively treating TB while maintaining HIV therapy.
Question 2 of 5
Five patients with influenza A are being considered for treatment with either rimantadine or amantadine. Which of the following patients would be better suited to receive treatment with rimantadine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rimantadine has fewer CNS side effects (e.g., seizures) than amantadine, making it safer for a patient with epilepsy, as both drugs block the M2 ion channel of influenza A.
Question 3 of 5
A 32-year-old man with hepatitis B refractory to several treatments has begun on a course of lamivudine. The mechanism of action of this medication likely involves which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lamivudine inhibits HBV DNA polymerase, a reverse transcriptase, preventing viral DNA replication in hepatitis B.
Question 4 of 5
A 25-year-old man with HIV disease presents to his primary care physician for management. His CD4 counts are dramatically lower than normal. He is being considered for therapy with protease inhibitors. Regarding the role of ritonavir in this patient, which of the following statements is true?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ritonavir inhibits CYP3A4 (not CYP4A), boosting levels of other protease inhibitors in HAART, enhancing their efficacy, though it’s not typically used alone due to side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A 49-year-old man with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is treated with topical 5-fluorouracil. He presents to his oncologist for follow-up. In addition to monitoring renal and hepatic function for toxicity, one could theoretically measure levels of which of the following excreted products?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 5-Fluorouracil is metabolized to fluoroalanine, an excreted metabolite, reflecting its catabolism after inhibiting thymidylate synthase in cancer cells.