A 38-year-old migrant farm worker is seen in the clinic with a cut to his arm from an old metal drum. The patient has sutures placed, and a tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine is given. What is the nurse's most important action after the vaccine has been administered?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the patient with a vaccine information statement in their primary language ensures they have essential information about the vaccine they received, including potential side effects, benefits, and risks. This empowers the patient to make informed decisions about their health. Option B is incorrect because while knowing the last tetanus booster date is important, it is not the most crucial action immediately after administering the vaccine. Option C is incorrect as monitoring for side effects should be ongoing, not just immediately after immunization. Option D is also incorrect as providing a record of immunization is important but not as critical as ensuring the patient has information about the vaccine in their primary language for immediate understanding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increase fluid intake while taking the drug. Interferon alfa 2b can cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, and muscle aches, leading to dehydration. Increasing fluid intake helps to prevent dehydration and supports the body's ability to manage these side effects. A: Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug - Although it is generally recommended to limit alcohol consumption while taking medications, this is not specifically related to interferon alfa 2b. B: Continue to maintain maximal physical activity - Excessive physical activity may exacerbate the flu-like symptoms caused by interferon alfa 2b, so it is advisable to avoid overexertion. D: Treat constipation with over-the-counter laxatives - Constipation is not a common side effect of interferon alfa 2b, so using over-the-counter laxatives may not be necessary unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need to use barrier contraceptives while taking the drug. This is important because immune modulators can potentially harm a developing fetus, so it is crucial to use barrier contraceptives to prevent pregnancy during treatment. Incorrect answers: A: The need to continue oral contraceptives - This is incorrect because oral contraceptives may not provide sufficient protection against pregnancy while on immune modulators. C: The need to avoid sexual intercourse while taking the drug - This is incorrect as it is an extreme measure and not necessary if barrier contraceptives are used. D: The importance of taking an aspirin daily to decrease the adverse effects of the drug - This is incorrect as aspirin is not typically indicated for reducing adverse effects of immune modulators.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept targets T cells by binding to CD2 and inhibiting their activation. This helps suppress both T- and B-cell activity, making it an effective treatment for psoriasis. Azathioprine (B) primarily targets T cells by inhibiting their proliferation but doesn't directly suppress B cells. Cyclosporine (C) targets T cells by inhibiting their activation but doesn't specifically target B cells. Glatiramer acetate (D) is used for multiple sclerosis and doesn't suppress T- and B-cells as required for psoriasis treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To avoid crowds. Interferon alfa 2b is an immunomodulatory drug that can weaken the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections. Therefore, the nurse should encourage the patient to avoid crowds to reduce the risk of exposure to infectious agents. Choice B: To increase salt intake is incorrect because interferon alfa 2b does not require an increase in salt intake. Choice C: To decrease milk intake is incorrect as there is no specific need to decrease milk intake while taking interferon alfa 2b. Choice D: To eat three meals a day is incorrect as it is a general dietary recommendation and not specifically related to taking interferon alfa 2b.