A 38-year-old migrant farm worker is seen in the clinic with a cut to his arm from an old metal drum. The patient has sutures placed, and a tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine is given. What is the nurse's most important action after the vaccine has been administered?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the patient with a vaccine information statement in their primary language is crucial for informed consent and ensuring the patient understands the vaccine they received. This helps in addressing any concerns or questions the patient may have. B is incorrect because determining the exact date of the patient's last tetanus booster is important but not as immediate as providing vaccine information to the patient. C is incorrect because documenting side effects is important but not the most immediate action required after administering the vaccine. D is incorrect because providing the patient with a record of the immunization is also important but not as critical as ensuring the patient receives information about the vaccine they just received.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): The nurse should instruct the patient to increase fluid intake while taking interferon alfa 2b because this medication can lead to dehydration as a side effect. Increasing fluid intake can help prevent dehydration and support overall well-being during treatment. Dehydration can worsen side effects and impact treatment efficacy. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug - While it is generally advisable to limit alcohol consumption during medical treatment, there is no specific interaction between interferon alfa 2b and alcohol mentioned in the question. B: Continue to maintain maximal physical activity - This choice is not directly related to the medication instructions provided in the question. Excessive physical activity may not always be appropriate for patients undergoing leukemia treatment. D: Treat constipation with over-the-counter laxatives - Constipation is not a common side effect associated with interferon alfa 2b, so using laxatives may not be necessary unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need to use barrier contraceptives while taking the drug. This is important because immune modulators can have teratogenic effects, meaning they can harm a developing fetus. Using barrier contraceptives can help prevent pregnancy and protect the fetus from potential harm. Choice A is incorrect because continuing oral contraceptives may not provide adequate protection against pregnancy while on immune modulators. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding sexual intercourse is not necessary as long as effective contraception is used. Choice D is incorrect as taking aspirin daily is not related to the use of immune modulators and may not decrease adverse effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alefacept (Amevive). Alefacept is a biologic drug that specifically targets T-cells, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. By suppressing T-cell activity, Alefacept helps to reduce the inflammation and proliferation of skin cells seen in psoriasis. Additionally, Alefacept does not impact B-cell function, making it a suitable choice for this patient. Choice B (Azathioprine) is incorrect because it primarily acts on B-cells and is not as effective in targeting T-cells involved in psoriasis. Choice C (Cyclosporine) is incorrect as it is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activity but also affects B-cells. Choice D (Glatiramer acetate) is incorrect as it is used to treat multiple sclerosis by modulating the immune response but does not specifically target T-cells involved in psoriasis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To avoid crowds. Interferon alfa 2b can weaken the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections. Avoiding crowds helps reduce the risk of exposure to pathogens. B, increasing salt intake, is incorrect as it is not a recommended action for patients taking interferon alfa 2b. C, decreasing milk intake, is also incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that milk consumption interferes with the effectiveness of this medication. D, eating three meals a day, is irrelevant to the action needed to manage the side effects of interferon alfa 2b.