ATI RN
ABVD chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 37-year-old woman with urinary frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain presents to her primary care physician. She has an allergy to quinolones and penicillin. Urinalysis reveals nitrates, leukocytes, and blood. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erythromycin is a safe option for a UTI in a patient allergic to quinolones and penicillin, effective against common gram-positive and some gram-negative uropathogens.
Question 2 of 5
A 54-year-old man with tuberculosis is maintained on a multidrug regimen including cycloserine. He complains of intermittent chest pressure and dyspnea but this does not limit his daily activities. On a cellular level, which of the following amino acids is blocked by this agent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cycloserine inhibits the incorporation of D-alanine into the peptidoglycan cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, disrupting cell wall synthesis.
Question 3 of 5
A 34-year-old man is hospitalized with seizures, headache, and vomiting. CT scan of the brain reveals cysticercosis. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albendazole is the treatment of choice for neurocysticercosis (caused by Taenia solium), penetrating the CNS to kill cysticerci, often combined with steroids to reduce inflammation.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old woman complains of facial wrinkles and lines. She heard of a drug for wrinkles from a friend that is a bacterial toxin and works by paralyzing skeletal muscles. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Botulinum toxin (e.g., Botox) cleaves SNARE proteins (e.g., SNAP-25), preventing vesicle fusion and acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions, paralyzing muscles to reduce wrinkles.
Question 5 of 5
A 29-year-old man with recurrent herpes viral infections of the scrotum and penile shaft presents to his primary care physician because the medication is not working for him. He takes oral acyclovir for these outbreaks. Physical examination reveals active genitourinary herpes disease. What is the most likely explanation for the resistance to this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acyclovir resistance in HSV is commonly due to deficient or mutated viral thymidine kinase, which is required to phosphorylate acyclovir into its active form.