A 37-year-old client with uterine cancer asks the nurse, "Which is the most common type of cancer in women?" The nurse replies that it's breast cancer. Which type of cancer causes the most deaths in women?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lung cancer. Lung cancer causes the most deaths in women due to factors such as late diagnosis, aggressive nature, and high mortality rate. It is often linked to smoking, which is a major risk factor. Breast cancer, although common, has a higher survival rate compared to lung cancer. Brain cancer and colon and rectal cancer, while serious, do not account for as many deaths in women as lung cancer does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adrenal cortex. Primary hyperaldosteronism is a condition where there is excessive aldosterone production by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone is a hormone responsible for regulating blood pressure by promoting sodium and water retention in the kidneys, leading to increased blood volume and subsequent hypertension. The adrenal medulla (C) secretes catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, not aldosterone. The pancreas (B) secretes insulin and glucagon, not aldosterone. The parathyroid (D) secretes parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels, not aldosterone. Therefore, the correct answer is A because primary hyperaldosteronism is specifically related to excessive aldosterone production by the adrenal cortex.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor are classic signs of iron-deficiency anemia. - Dyspnea is due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity from low hemoglobin levels. - Tachycardia occurs as the heart compensates for the decreased oxygen by pumping faster. - Pallor results from reduced red blood cell production. The other choices are incorrect: - A: Night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea are not typically associated with iron-deficiency anemia. - C: Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are more commonly seen in other types of anemia or gastrointestinal issues. - D: Itching, rash, and jaundice are not specific to iron-deficiency anemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. A complete blood count (CBC) assesses various components like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. 2. Hematocrit (HCT) measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, and hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. 3. Low HCT and Hb levels could indicate anemia, which may affect oxygen delivery to tissues and increase surgical risks. 4. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because CBC does not directly assess hepatic function (A), urine constituents (B), or electrolyte imbalance (D). Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Not related to CBC, which focuses on blood cell parameters. B: CBC does not analyze urine constituents but rather blood components. D: Electrolyte imbalance is not typically assessed through a CBC test.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ask the woman's family to provide personal items such as photos or mementos. This is the most appropriate action because it can help provide familiar and comforting stimuli for the confused elderly client, potentially reducing her confusion and anxiety. Personal items can also serve as memory aids. Choice B is incorrect because the placement of the bed does not address the client's confusion and unsteady gait. Choice C is incorrect as it does not specifically address the client's confusion and gait issues. Choice D is incorrect because encouraging ambulation without addressing the underlying causes of confusion and unsteadiness may not be safe or effective.