A 36-week gestation gravid lies flat on her back.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Dizziness. When a gravid lies flat on her back, especially at 36 weeks gestation, there is an increased risk of supine hypotensive syndrome due to compression of the inferior vena cava by the uterus. This compression can lead to reduced venous return, decreased cardiac output, and subsequent symptoms like dizziness. Option A) Hypertension is incorrect because lying flat on the back does not typically cause hypertension but rather hypotension in this context. Option C) Rales are abnormal lung sounds associated with conditions like heart failure and pneumonia, not specifically related to the position of lying flat on the back. Option D) Chloasma is a skin condition characterized by hyperpigmentation, which is unrelated to the position of lying flat on the back during pregnancy. In the educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers, especially those involved in maternal care, to understand the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy and how certain positions can impact maternal and fetal well-being. By recognizing the risks associated with lying flat on the back in late pregnancy, healthcare professionals can implement preventive measures to ensure the safety and comfort of pregnant individuals.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and advanced maternal age monitoring during pregnancy, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate and evidence-based information to pregnant couples regarding sexual intimacy. Option C, "The couple may find it necessary to experiment with alternate positions," is the correct choice for the teaching plan. Rationale for Option C: Exploring alternate positions for sexual intimacy during pregnancy can help the couple find positions that are more comfortable and safe as the pregnancy progresses. Some positions may alleviate discomfort or pressure on the abdomen, making sexual activity more enjoyable and reducing the risk of any potential complications. Rationale for why other options are incorrect: A) Option A stating that vaginal intercourse should cease by the beginning of the third trimester is not accurate. In most uncomplicated pregnancies, sexual intercourse is safe throughout pregnancy unless otherwise advised by a healthcare provider. B) Option B suggesting that breast fondling should be discouraged due to the potential for preterm labor is not supported by evidence. Breast fondling is generally considered safe during pregnancy unless it causes discomfort or contractions. D) Option D recommending the sparing use of vaginal lubricant throughout pregnancy is not universally applicable. While some women may require additional lubrication due to hormonal changes, others may not need it. It is important for couples to communicate openly and address any concerns with their healthcare provider. Educational context: Educating pregnant couples about sexual intimacy during pregnancy is essential for promoting their physical and emotional well-being. By providing accurate information and dispelling common myths or misconceptions, nurses can support couples in maintaining a healthy and satisfying relationship during this significant life transition. Encouraging open communication, exploring options for comfort, and reassuring the safety of sexual activity can enhance the overall pregnancy experience for the couple.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of advanced maternal age monitoring in pregnancy, the most important communication for the nurse to make in this scenario is option C: "It would be even better if you were to consume more whole fruits and less fruit juice." This choice is correct because while fruit juice can provide some nutrients, whole fruits offer additional benefits such as fiber, antioxidants, and other essential nutrients that are crucial for maternal and fetal health during pregnancy. Option A is incorrect because simply meeting daily fruit requirements does not necessarily address the quality of the fruit intake. Option B is incorrect because while some fruit juices may be fortified with folic acid, whole fruits are a more natural and beneficial source of this important nutrient. Option D is incorrect as it inaccurately states that the client's fruit intake far exceeds the recommended daily intake, which is not the case based on the information provided. Educationally, it is important for nurses to emphasize the importance of consuming whole fruits over fruit juices to pregnant clients due to the additional nutritional benefits they provide. Educating clients on making healthier food choices can help promote optimal maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy, especially in cases of advanced maternal age where nutritional needs may be higher. It is essential for healthcare providers to provide evidence-based guidance to support pregnant individuals in making informed decisions about their diet and overall well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this question related to pharmacology and advanced maternal age monitoring, the correct answer is B) 1 slice of bread. The correct answer is right because 1 slice of bread typically equals a 1-ounce serving size from the grain group. Bread is a staple food item and is commonly used as a reference for serving sizes within the grain group. The other options are incorrect for the following reasons: A) 1 bagel: A typical bagel is larger than a 1-ounce serving size from the grain group, usually closer to 4-5 ounces, so it does not equal a 1-ounce serving. C) 1 cup cooked pasta: A cup of cooked pasta is typically around 2 ounces, so it exceeds the 1-ounce serving size specified in the question. D) 1 tortilla: A standard tortilla is also larger than a 1-ounce serving from the grain group, usually closer to 2-3 ounces depending on the size. In an educational context, understanding serving sizes is crucial for maintaining a balanced and healthy diet. Pharmacology, especially in the context of maternal health, emphasizes the importance of nutrition for both the mother and the developing fetus. Knowing the correct serving sizes helps individuals make informed choices about their food consumption, which is particularly important for pregnant women of advanced maternal age who may have specific dietary needs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of advanced maternal age monitoring, it is crucial for nurses to be knowledgeable about potential complications and interventions, including addressing issues like pica. Pica is a condition characterized by cravings for non-nutritive substances like ice, soil, or starch, which can be harmful during pregnancy. The correct answer, B) Replace ice with frozen fruit juice, is the most appropriate alternative to suggest to someone practicing pica. Frozen fruit juice can satisfy the desire for something cold and crunchy like ice, while also providing some nutritional value from the fruit juice. This substitution helps address the underlying craving while offering a safer and more nutritious option. Option A) Replace laundry starch with salt is not a suitable alternative as salt does not address the textural or nutritional aspects of the craving for laundry starch. Option C) Replace soap with cream cheese and Option D) Replace soil with uncooked pie crust are also incorrect as they do not provide appropriate substitutes that address the underlying cravings associated with pica. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding pica in pregnant individuals, the potential risks associated with it, and the role of nurses in providing appropriate alternatives to address cravings in a safe and healthy manner during pregnancy. Nurses play a vital role in educating and supporting pregnant individuals in making positive choices for their health and the health of their baby.