A 36-week-gestation client is having an amniocentesis. For which of the following reasons is the test likely being conducted?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a high-risk pregnancy scenario, conducting an amniocentesis at 36 weeks of gestation is primarily to assess fetal lung maturation (Option C). This test helps determine if the baby's lungs are developed enough to function properly outside the womb. Option A, genetic evaluation, is typically done earlier in pregnancy and not the primary reason for a late-term amniocentesis. Option B, assessment of intrauterine growth restriction, would be assessed through other means, such as ultrasound measurements, rather than an amniocentesis. Option D, hormonal studies, is not the primary purpose of an amniocentesis in this scenario. From an educational perspective, understanding the indications for different prenatal tests is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals caring for pregnant women. Knowing when and why specific tests are done helps in providing holistic care and appropriate interventions for both the mother and the fetus. It also highlights the importance of timing and rationale behind diagnostic procedures in high-risk pregnancies to ensure optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is option D: "The prepuce should be cleansed with soap and water every day during the baby’s sponge bath." This instruction is appropriate for parents who choose not to circumcise their son because it is important to maintain good hygiene to prevent infections in uncircumcised males. Cleaning the prepuce with soap and water helps to remove bacteria and debris that can accumulate under the foreskin. Option A is incorrect because checking the temperature every evening is not directly related to the decision not to circumcise and is not a standard practice for preventing urinary tract infections in uncircumcised males. Option B is also incorrect as forcibly retracting the foreskin to assess for exudate can cause injury and is not recommended. Option C is incorrect as phimosis is not typically assessed by observing a baby void during a well-baby examination. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to provide evidence-based information to parents regarding the care of their uncircumcised son. Teaching parents proper hygiene practices can help prevent complications such as infections and inflammation. By explaining the rationale behind the correct answer and addressing why the other options are incorrect, nurses can support parents in making informed decisions about their child's health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is C) Fully formed genitalia. At 8 weeks of gestation, the embryo is in the early stages of development and the genitalia are not fully formed. A) A four-chambered heart develops around 5-8 weeks, so it would be expected in an 8-week-gestation embryo. B) Fingers and toes start to form around 6-8 weeks, so they would also be present. D) Facial features begin to develop around 8 weeks as well, so they would be expected. Educationally, understanding the timeline of embryonic development is crucial in the field of pharmacology, especially in high-risk pregnancy scenarios where medications can have significant effects on fetal development. This knowledge helps nurses and healthcare providers assess the normal progression of fetal development and identify any abnormalities that may arise.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Cover the baby with at least two blankets. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) occurs in babies exposed to drugs in utero, leading to withdrawal symptoms after birth. Swaddling the baby with blankets provides a comforting, cocoon-like environment that helps reduce symptoms like tremors and irritability typical of NAS. Option B) Stimulating the baby with rattles is incorrect because excessive stimulation can aggravate withdrawal symptoms in babies with NAS, leading to increased discomfort and distress. Option C) Playing soft classical music in the nursery is also inappropriate as loud noises or music can overstimulate the baby and worsen withdrawal symptoms. Option D) Attaching a mobile to the crib is not the best choice for a baby with NAS as it may provide unnecessary visual stimulation, potentially exacerbating the symptoms. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate care for infants with NAS is crucial for nurses working in neonatal units. Providing a calm, soothing environment through techniques like swaddling can help alleviate withdrawal symptoms and promote the well-being of these vulnerable newborns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of high-risk pregnancy, young pregnant adolescents have increased nutritional needs due to their own growth requirements in addition to supporting fetal development. The correct answer, B) Cheeseburger, is high in protein, iron, calcium, and healthy fats, which are essential for the increased demands of pregnancy in young adolescents. Protein is crucial for tissue growth and repair, iron helps prevent anemia common in pregnancy, calcium supports bone development, and healthy fats are important for brain and organ development in the fetus. Option A) Banana, while nutritious, lacks the complete range of nutrients needed to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, especially for young adolescents. Option C) Strawberries are a good source of vitamin C and fiber but do not provide the necessary protein, iron, and calcium in sufficient amounts. Option D) Rice is a carbohydrate-rich food but lacks the essential nutrients like protein and iron needed for the increased requirements of a high-risk pregnancy in young adolescents. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the specific nutritional needs of different populations, especially in high-risk scenarios like young pregnant adolescents. It emphasizes the significance of a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients during pregnancy to support both maternal and fetal health. This rationale underscores the critical role of nutrition in mitigating risks and promoting positive outcomes in high-risk pregnancy situations.