ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 35-year-old pregnant woman comes to the clinic for a monthly appointment. During the assessment, the nurse notices that she has a brown patch of hyperpigmentation on her face. The nurse continues the skin assessment aware that another finding may be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chloasma. Chloasma, also known as melasma, is a common skin condition characterized by brown patches of hyperpigmentation on the face, particularly during pregnancy. This is due to hormonal changes that increase melanin production. Keratoses (A) are rough, scaly skin growths. Xerosis (B) is dry skin. Acrochordons (D) are skin tags. The nurse should be aware that chloasma is a common finding during pregnancy and continue the assessment accordingly.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to perform an otoscopic examination of a newborn infant. Which statement is true regarding this examination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C is correct because in newborns, the normal tympanic membrane can appear thick and opaque due to a thinner eardrum and presence of amniotic fluid remnants. A: Immobility of the drum is not normal. B: An injected membrane indicates a hemorrhage, not necessarily infection. D: The appearance of the membrane differs in newborns due to their unique anatomy.
Question 3 of 5
While obtaining a health history from the mother of a 1-year-old child, the nurse notices that the baby has had a bottle in his mouth the entire time. The mother states, "It makes a great pacifier." The best response by the nurse would be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer - D: "Prolonged use of a bottle can increase the risk for tooth decay and ear infections." Rationale: 1. Prolonged bottle use can lead to tooth decay due to exposure to sugars in milk or formula. 2. The constant sucking can also cause ear infections by pushing bacteria into the Eustachian tubes. 3. It is important for the nurse to educate the mother on these risks to promote the child's health. Summary of Other Choices: A: Incorrect. Encouraging the mother that bottles make good pacifiers does not address the potential health risks associated with prolonged bottle use. B: Incorrect. While it's true that bottle use may be better for teeth than thumb-sucking, it still poses risks for tooth decay and ear infections. C: Incorrect. The contents of the bottle do not negate the risks associated with prolonged bottle use.
Question 4 of 5
When examining the nares of a 45-year-old patient who has complaints of rhinorrhea, itching of the nose and eyes, and sneezing, the nurse notices the following: pale turbinates, swelling of the turbinates, and clear rhinorrhea. Which of these conditions is most likely the cause?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C. Allergic rhinitis Rationale: The patient's symptoms of itching, sneezing, and clear rhinorrhea are classic signs of allergic rhinitis. The pale and swollen turbinates also support this diagnosis, as they are common findings in allergic rhinitis due to inflammation from allergens. Incorrect Choices: A: Nasal polyps - Nasal polyps typically present with nasal congestion, loss of smell, and may be associated with asthma. They are not commonly associated with clear rhinorrhea and itching. B: Acute sinusitis - Acute sinusitis is characterized by facial pain, pressure, purulent nasal discharge, and fever. The absence of these symptoms makes acute sinusitis less likely. D: Acute rhinitis - Acute rhinitis, or the common cold, usually presents with thick nasal discharge, sore throat, and low-grade fever. The clear rhinorrhea and itching in this patient are more
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is auscultating the chest in an adult. Which technique is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct technique for auscultating the chest in an adult is to firmly hold the diaphragm of the stethoscope against the chest. This allows for optimal transmission of sound and better detection of abnormal lung or heart sounds. Instructing the patient to take deep, rapid breaths (Choice A) may interfere with accurate auscultation. Breathing through the nose (Choice B) does not impact the technique. Lightly holding the bell of the stethoscope (Choice D) may lead to poor sound transmission and decreased sensitivity in detecting faint sounds.