ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 35 year old man heroin addict on methadone maintenance therapy for the * last one year , is positive for TB on Chest x-ray. He was started on standard quadri anti -TB drug. He is rushed to ER complaining of withdrawal symptoms. Which of the following anti-TB drugs is likely to cause this patient's withdrawal reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: INH (Isoniazid). INH is known to interact with methadone, potentially leading to increased methadone metabolism and reduced methadone levels, causing withdrawal symptoms in a heroin addict on methadone maintenance therapy. Streptomycin (A), Rifampicin (B), and Pyrazinamide (D) are not associated with causing withdrawal symptoms in this scenario. Streptomycin can cause hearing loss and kidney damage, Rifampicin can cause liver toxicity and drug interactions, and Pyrazinamide can cause liver toxicity and joint pain.
Question 2 of 5
A 20 year old patient presented to the ER with headache, stiff neck and fever * for 3 days and is diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Which one of the following antibiotics is the best choice to treat meningitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cefotaxime. This third-generation cephalosporin is a preferred choice for treating bacterial meningitis due to its broad-spectrum coverage against common pathogens causing meningitis, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. Cefuroxime (A) and Cephalexin (B) are not optimal choices as they have less activity against these pathogens. Cefdinir (D) is not a recommended treatment for bacterial meningitis and is not as effective as Cefotaxime in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
What is the drug of choice for ringworm infection ?: *
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Griseofulvin. Griseofulvin is the drug of choice for ringworm infections due to its effectiveness against dermatophytes. It works by inhibiting fungal cell division. Amphotericin B is used for systemic fungal infections, not ringworm. Nystatin is used for yeast infections, not ringworm. Neomycin is an antibiotic and is not effective against fungal infections like ringworm.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drug should be used only as clinical curative but not as * prophylactic in malaria?:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Primaquine. Primaquine is an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug primarily used for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale malaria, not for prophylaxis. Rationale: 1. Primaquine is not recommended for prophylactic use due to its potential for causing hemolytic anemia in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. 2. Pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine (Choice A) is a combination drug used for both treatment and prophylaxis of malaria. 3. Proguanil (Choice B) is used for prophylaxis of malaria in combination with other antimalarial drugs. 4. Mefloquine (Choice D) is used for both treatment and prophylaxis of malaria, especially in areas with chloroquine-resistant strains.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following antimicrobial which acts by interfering with DNA * function in the bacteria and can cure most cases of uncomplicated gonorrhea?:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme crucial for bacterial DNA replication and repair. By interfering with DNA function, it disrupts bacterial growth and can effectively treat most cases of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Rationale: A: Chloramphenicol inhibits protein synthesis, not DNA function. C: Streptomycin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial ribosome. D: Erythromycin also inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and is not primarily targeted at DNA function.