ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 34-year-old man presents to the emergency department with fevers, chills, muscle aches, and headaches for the past 16 h. His son has been sick for the past week and unable to attend daycare. He did not receive the influenza vaccine this year. A nasal swab is performed and he is diagnosed with influenza. He is started on oseltamivir. What is the mechanism of action of oseltamivir?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oseltamivir treats influenza by inhibiting neuraminidase . This prevents viral release from infected cells, reducing spread. M2 blockade is amantadine's action. IMP dehydrogenase , reverse transcriptase , and DNA polymerase (E) are unrelated. Neuraminidase inhibition shortens his illness.
Question 2 of 5
A 26-year-old man with a chronic cough takes codeine for cough suppression. He presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. The patient admits to taking this medication three times daily even when he does not have symptoms. The treating physician must be concerned about which of the following effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Codeine, an opioid, risks addiction with frequent use. Diarrhea opposes its constipating effect. Euphoria and anxiety are possible but less concerning. Sweating (E) is minor. Addiction potential drives monitoring, given his overuse pattern.
Question 3 of 5
The student nurse has been reading about the Human Genome Project and asks the nursing instructor how this will impact future pharmacological therapies. What is the best response by the instructor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Human Genome Project enables pharmacogenomics, tailoring drugs to genetic profiles for better efficacy (e.g., CYP2D6 variants), not eliminating drugs. Standardized doses ignore genetics. Disease prevention via genes complements, not replaces, drugs. Individualized therapy leverages genomics, enhancing treatment precision.
Question 4 of 5
Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) is given to a pregnant woman after delivery and the nurse is giving information to the patient about the indication of the medication. The nurse determines that the patient understands the purpose of the medication if the patient tells that it will protect her baby from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) is administered to Rh-negative mothers to prevent Rh incompatibility in future pregnancies. It works by preventing the mother's immune system from developing antibodies against Rh-positive fetal blood cells, which could harm subsequent Rh-positive babies. Pernicious anemia and German measles are unrelated to RhoGAM. The medication does not affect the baby's blood type but prevents the mother's immune response. Therefore, Rh incompatibility is the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
A 60-year-old woman has ulcerative colitis resistant to aminosalicylates and topical corticosteroids. It is decided to treat her with systemic corticosteroids. Which of the following is not a likely complication of the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Systemic corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) for ulcerative colitis cause side effects. Osteoporosis results from reduced bone formation over time. Diabetes stems from glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia. Hypertension occurs via sodium retention and vasoconstriction. Mood changes are common due to CNS effects. Weight loss isn't typical; corticosteroids cause weight gain from increased appetite and fat redistribution, making it the exception. This reflects their metabolic impact, requiring monitoring in chronic use.