A 33-year-old man is struck by a car at 56 km/h. His next priority should be to:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST. This is the priority in trauma management to assess for intra-abdominal injuries like bleeding. External fixation (A) is for stabilizing pelvic fractures, not a priority. Abdominal and pelvic CT-scans (B) and arterial embolization (C) are not immediate actions and may delay crucial interventions. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST (D) are rapid and effective methods to detect intra-abdominal bleeding in trauma patients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct next step is to rewarm the burn victim with a core temperature of 34°C. Hypothermia increases mortality in burn patients. Rewarming is crucial to prevent further complications. Escharotomy is for circulation issues, oxygen mask for respiratory problems, and IV narcotics for pain management, but rewarming takes priority in this scenario to stabilize the patient's core temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tilt head and lift chin. This technique, known as the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver, is the simplest and most effective way to open the airway in an unconscious patient. By tilting the head back and lifting the chin, the tongue is moved away from the back of the throat, allowing for better airflow. This maneuver helps prevent airway obstruction and facilitates breathing. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: "Pull out the tongue" - This is incorrect as it can potentially cause harm by pushing the tongue back further and obstructing the airway. C: Lift neck from behind - This is incorrect as it can cause further injury to the neck and spine of an unconscious patient. D: Jaw thrust - While jaw thrust is another technique used to open the airway, it is more complex and requires training to perform correctly, making it less simple than the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Control of hemorrhage. This is the first priority in managing a long bone fracture to prevent life-threatening blood loss. Hemorrhage can lead to hypovolemic shock and must be addressed immediately. A: Reduction of pain can be addressed after hemorrhage control. B: Prevention of infection is important but secondary to hemorrhage control. C: Prevention of further soft tissue injury is important but not as critical as controlling hemorrhage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because residents with dementia typically require long-term care due to the progressive nature of the disease, leading to longer stays. Choice A is incorrect as terminal care residents usually have shorter stays. Choice B is incorrect as rehab or temporary illness residents have shorter stays. Choice C is incorrect as developmentally disabled residents may have varying lengths of stay but not necessarily the longest.