A 32-year-old patient with diabetes is starting on intensive insulin therapy. Which type of insulin will the nurse discuss using for mealtime coverage?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lispro (Humalog). Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that is ideal for mealtime coverage in intensive insulin therapy because it mimics the body's natural insulin response after a meal, providing quick and effective blood sugar control. Lispro has a rapid onset of action, peaks quickly, and has a shorter duration of action compared to other types of insulin. This makes it suitable for covering the rise in blood sugar levels that occurs after meals. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin used for basal coverage, not for mealtime coverage. C: Detemir (Levemir) is an intermediate-acting insulin used for basal coverage, not for mealtime coverage. D: NPH (Humulin N) is an intermediate-acting insulin with a slower onset and longer duration of action, making it less suitable for mealtime coverage in intensive insulin therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because liability policies can indeed cover charges beyond malpractice, such as libel, slander, assault, and HIPAA violations. This is important as nurses can face legal actions related to various aspects of their practice beyond just malpractice. Option A is incorrect as expenses can still be involved in defending against frivolous lawsuits. Option B is incorrect because it states that the institution can sue the nurse, which is not the primary reason for having liability insurance. Option D is incorrect as nurses can also be sued for malpractice, not just doctors. Therefore, option C is the most comprehensive and relevant reason for an RN to have a professional liability insurance policy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Discover the underlying causes of an error. Root cause analysis aims to identify the fundamental reason(s) contributing to an issue, allowing for effective solutions. It focuses on understanding the core factors leading to an error rather than blaming individuals (A, B) or assessing policy effectiveness (D). By conducting RCA, organizations can prevent recurrence and improve processes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lispro (Humalog). Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that is ideal for mealtime coverage in intensive insulin therapy because it mimics the body's natural insulin response after a meal, providing quick and effective blood sugar control. Lispro has a rapid onset of action, peaks quickly, and has a shorter duration of action compared to other types of insulin. This makes it suitable for covering the rise in blood sugar levels that occurs after meals. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin used for basal coverage, not for mealtime coverage. C: Detemir (Levemir) is an intermediate-acting insulin used for basal coverage, not for mealtime coverage. D: NPH (Humulin N) is an intermediate-acting insulin with a slower onset and longer duration of action, making it less suitable for mealtime coverage in intensive insulin therapy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shared responsibility. In team nursing, all team members share responsibility for patient care, promoting collaboration and teamwork. This principle ensures that each team member contributes to decision-making and patient outcomes. A: Decentralized decision making is not a key principle of team nursing as it involves individual team members making decisions independently, which can lead to lack of coordination. B: Centralized decision making is also not a key principle of team nursing as it involves decision-making being controlled by a single authority, undermining the collaborative nature of team nursing. C: Individual accountability is important in team nursing, but it is not the key principle. Shared responsibility emphasizes collective accountability and collaboration among team members.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The patient uses oral contraceptives. This information is important because oral contraceptives can affect glucose tolerance test results. The hormones in oral contraceptives can impact insulin sensitivity, potentially leading to inaccurate test results. It is crucial for the healthcare provider to be aware of this as it may influence the interpretation of the test. Other choices are incorrect: B: The patient runs several days a week - This information is not directly relevant to the oral glucose tolerance test and does not impact the test results. C: The patient has been pregnant three times - While pregnancy can affect glucose tolerance, the current pregnancy status of the patient is not as pertinent as the use of oral contraceptives in this specific context. D: The patient has a family history of diabetes - Although family history is a risk factor for diabetes, it is not as immediately relevant to the oral glucose tolerance test as the use of oral contraceptives.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of a clinical nurse leader (CNL) is to improve patient outcomes. CNLs focus on enhancing the quality of care provided to patients by coordinating and overseeing healthcare processes. They work to ensure that patients receive the best possible care and achieve positive health outcomes. Managing nursing staff (A) is not the primary goal of a CNL, as their role is more patient-centered. While coordinating patient care (B) is an important aspect of a CNL's responsibilities, the ultimate goal is to improve patient outcomes. Implementing evidence-based practices (D) is essential for achieving better patient outcomes, but it is not the primary goal of a CNL, as their main focus is on the overall improvement of patient health and well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Groupthink can cause negative effects on decision making among groups as it involves prioritizing harmony and conformity over critical evaluation of alternatives. This can lead to group members suppressing dissenting opinions and making hasty decisions without considering all perspectives. Rationalization, risky shift, and dialectical inquiry do not specifically focus on the negative impact of group dynamics on decision making like groupthink does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary purpose of a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is to coordinate all aspects of patient care (Choice A). This model aims to improve patient outcomes by ensuring comprehensive and coordinated care that meets the individual's needs. PCMH focuses on enhancing patient-provider communication, care coordination, and patient engagement to deliver high-quality care. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while PCMH may indirectly contribute to reducing healthcare costs and implementing clinical guidelines, the main focus is on improving patient care coordination and quality outcomes. Providing financial incentives for providers is not the primary purpose of PCMH, but rather a potential outcome of improved care coordination.