ATI RN
ABVD chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 32-year-old G2P1 woman in her third trimester presents to the ambulatory care clinic with dysuria and urgency. Urine is nitrite positive and leukocyte esterase positive. A drug commonly used to treat urinary tract infections is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but the physician is reluctant to use it. What risk is the physician worried about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in late pregnancy can cause kernicterus in the newborn by displacing bilirubin from albumin, leading to bilirubin deposition in the brain.
Question 2 of 5
A 43-year-old woman who is obese undergoes laparoscopic cholecystectomy following repeated episodes of right upper quadrant pain caused by cholelithiasis. Over the next 48 h, she is found to have an MRSA wound infection. Her physician administers daptomycin. Which of the following laboratory values should she follow most closely as a result of daptomycin administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daptomycin can cause myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, so creatine kinase (CK) levels should be monitored closely to detect muscle damage.
Question 3 of 5
A 34-year-old immigrant with HIV disease complains of a productive cough with hemoptysis and night sweats. A sputum smear is positive for acid-fast bacilli. He is placed in isolation and started on isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. A few months later, he complains of a loss of his ability to discriminate certain colors. What is causing his vision impairment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethambutol is known to cause optic neuritis, leading to color vision impairment (e.g., difficulty distinguishing red-green), a well-documented side effect in TB treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A 48-year-old man who is obese and a chronic alcoholic is hospitalized for spontaneous peritonitis. He begins a course of gentamicin as part of an empiric antibiotic regimen. Which of the following medications should the physician avoid prescribing while this patient is taking gentamicin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, increases the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when combined with gentamicin, due to synergistic effects on the kidneys and ears.
Question 5 of 5
A 27-year-old man hospitalized following a kidney transplant develops a high fever, tachycardia, and hypotension. Blood cultures grow Candida albicans. He is started on amphotericin B and flucytosine. Which of the following describes part of flucytosine’s mechanism of action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flucytosine is converted to 5-fluorouracil within fungal cells, inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis, complementing amphotericin B’s action against Candida albicans.