ATI RN
NCLEX questions on chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 31-year-old man has gonorrhea. He has no drug allergies, but he recalls that a few years ago while in Africa he had acute hemolysis following use of an antimalarial drug. The physician is concerned that the patient has an accompanying urethritis due to C trachomatis, though no cultures or enzyme tests have been performed. Which of the following drugs is most likely to be effective against gonococci and to eradicate C trachomatis in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cefixime is effective against both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and it is safe in patients with a history of hemolysis (likely G6PD deficiency), unlike sulfa drugs or some quinolones.
Question 2 of 5
The primary reason for the use of drug combinations in the treatment of tuberculosis is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Combination therapy in tuberculosis primarily aims to delay or prevent the emergence of drug resistance by targeting different bacterial populations and mechanisms.
Question 3 of 5
This drug has been used prophylactically in contacts of children with infection due to Haemophilus influenzae type B. It is also prophylactic in meningococcal and staphylococcal carrier states. While the drug eliminates a majority of meningococci from carriers, highly resistant strains may be selected out during treatment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rifampin is used prophylactically for Haemophilus influenzae type B and meningococcal infections, though resistance can emerge during treatment.
Question 4 of 5
Chemical interactions between this drug and cell membrane components can result in the formation of pores lined by hydrophilic groups present in the drug molecule.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nystatin, a polyene antifungal, binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, forming pores that disrupt membrane integrity and cause cell death.
Question 5 of 5
Which one of the following statements about flucytosine is accurate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flucytosine is bioactivated by fungal cytosine deaminase into 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits fungal DNA and RNA synthesis.