ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 31-year-old male patient has been prescribed propranolol to reduce and prevent angina. What will the nurse assess this patient for related to the medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adverse effects of propranolol that the nurse would assess for include allergic reaction, bradycardia, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accident, pulmonary edema, gastric pain, flatulence, impotence, decreased exercise tolerance, and bronchospasm. The nurse should monitor for these adverse effects and intervene as needed to ensure patient safety.
Question 2 of 5
_____________ is the period of time required for concentration of a drug to be reduced by 50%.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Half-life is the period of time required for the concentration of a drug in the body to be reduced by 50%. It is an important pharmacokinetic parameter that helps determine dosing intervals and drug accumulation or clearance. Understanding a drug's half-life is crucial in optimizing dosing regimens and achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. Efficacy refers to the maximum therapeutic effect that a drug can produce. Steady-state concentration is the consistent level of drug concentration achieved after repeated doses. Clearance is the rate at which a drug is removed from the body.
Question 3 of 5
Glyceryl trinitrate for angina is most effective when given:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glyceryl trinitrate, also known as nitroglycerin, is a medication commonly used for the management of angina (chest pain). When administered sublingually (under the tongue), glyceryl trinitrate is rapidly absorbed through the highly vascular sublingual mucosa, leading to a quick onset of action. The sublingual route allows for the drug to enter the bloodstream directly without being metabolized by the liver first, resulting in faster relief of angina symptoms. This makes sublingual administration the most effective route for managing acute episodes of angina. Other routes of administration, such as oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, or intramuscular, would not provide the same rapid and reliable relief for angina.
Question 4 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The estimated number of people with hypertension in the United States is around 25 million. Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a prevalent health condition affecting a significant portion of the population. This estimate is based on data collected from various healthcare sources and studies on the prevalence of hypertension in the country. It is important to monitor and manage hypertension effectively to prevent the associated health risks, such as heart disease and stroke.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a patient who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse tells the patient that these patches are most appropriately used for which situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transdermal nitroglycerin patches are primarily used for the prevention and management of angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Nitroglycerin works by dilating the blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce the workload on the heart. By preventing angina episodes, nitroglycerin patches can help to alleviate chest pain, improve exercise tolerance, and enhance the overall quality of life for patients with angina. It is not used to prevent low blood pressure, relieve shortness of breath, or control heart rate during exercise.