A 30 year old patient had presented with fever and posterior cervical lymphadenopathy over the past two years. Which is the most probably causative organism?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic fever and posterior cervical lymphadenopathy (Winterbottom’s sign) over two years suggest African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (C), which is chronic in West Africa. T. cruzi (A) causes Chagas disease (cardiac/gastrointestinal), T. b. rhodesiense (B) is acute, Leishmania donovani (D) causes visceral leishmaniasis (splenomegaly), and Onchocerca volvulus (E) causes river blindness—none match the chronic lymphadenopathy pattern.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Increased neutrophils, band cells, basophils, eosinophils, and platelets suggest chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML, C), a myeloproliferative disorder with Philadelphia chromosome. AML (A) has blasts, ALL (B) lymphocytosis, high LAP score (D) rules out CML (low LAP), and myeloid:erythroid ratio (E) is nonspecific—CML matches.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The testicle is a mixed gland because it has both endocrine functions (secreting testosterone into the bloodstream) and exocrine functions (producing sperm, which is released via ducts). Option A is incorrect as gametes are exocrine products, not endocrine. Option B reverses the definitions, and D is too narrow, as it omits the exocrine role.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.