ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 3-year-old girl was found by her mother chewing on some weeds in their flower garden. The mother rushed her to the hospital along with a portion of the weed. The emergency department physician identifies the weed as deadly nightshade, which contains atropine. Which of the following physiologic changes will be expected because of this patient's atropine exposure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deadly nightshade (atropine) blocks muscarinic receptors. Decreased gastric acid secretion is correct-atropine inhibits parasympathetic stimulation of parietal cells. Bradycardia is wrong; tachycardia occurs. Increased bronchial secretions and salivation decrease, as does miosis (E)-pupils dilate. This anticholinergic effect explains the expected change in this poisoning.
Question 2 of 5
A 20-year-old female with a history of substance abuse has delivered a child whose weight is less than the 10th percentile. Other findings include small head and flat midface. The patient has an atrial septal defect. Which of the following substances may have caused these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) from alcohol causes growth restriction, microcephaly, flat midface, and cardiac defects. Cocaine , Marijuana , Opioids , and Tobacco (E) don't fully match. Alcohol's teratogenicity explains the infant's features.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV nitroglycerin for chest pain. Which assessment finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nitroglycerin dilates vessels, relieving angina but risking hypotension. BP of 90/60 mmHg indicates excessive drop, requiring immediate action (e.g., stopping infusion) to prevent shock. Heart rate of 80 and respiratory rate of 16 are normal. Pain at 2/10 shows efficacy. Hypotension's threat to perfusion aligns with nitroglycerin's effect, critical in chest pain where stability is key, making A the finding needing swift response.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is commonly associated with adverse effects of pruritus (itching) and cutaneous flushing (reddening of the skin). These effects are often dose-related and can be minimized if the medication is taken with food or slowly titrated up. Tinnitus and urine with a burnt odor are not typically associated with nicotinic acid. Myalgia (muscle pain) and fatigue are more commonly seen with statin medications rather than niacin. Blurred vision and headaches are not commonly reported side effects of nicotinic acid either.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following antiepileptic drugs is associated with visual field defects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antiepileptics vary in side effects. Valproate causes tremor or hepatotoxicity, not visual defects. Carbamazepine risks rash or hyponatremia, not eyes. Lamotrigine is linked to rash, tiagabine to dizziness, without visual impact. Vigabatrin, a GABA-transaminase inhibitor, causes irreversible concentric visual field defects in ~30-40% of users due to retinal toxicity, a unique and serious adverse effect. This necessitates ophthalmologic monitoring, distinguishing it in epilepsy treatment choices.