ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 3-year-old child presented with high fever, diarrhea, and seizure; stool examination is foul smelling and positive for mucus, blood, and leukocytes. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shigellosis (B) fits fever, seizures, and bloody/mucoid diarrhea with leukocytes, per pediatric ID.
Question 2 of 5
In general, 8% of girls and 2% of boys have a UTI by 11 years of age, but approximately 75% of infants with bacteriuria are male in age group of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Males predominate (75%) in UTIs <3 months (A) due to uncircumcision risks, per epidemiology.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old child presented with fever, irritability, and inability to walk; on examination there is erythema, swelling, warmth, and tenderness over the lower thigh; radiographs of the left knee showed focal destruction of the distal femoral metaphysis and periosteal reaction. Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen of this condition is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: S. aureus (B) is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in children, per pediatric orthopedics.
Question 4 of 5
The BEST screening radiographic study for a patient with suspicious cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and weight loss is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest X-ray is the best initial screening tool to evaluate for mediastinal masses or lung involvement in conditions like lymphoma.
Question 5 of 5
Leukocoria is a manifestation of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukocoria (white pupil) is a classic sign of retinoblastoma.