ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 3-year-old child from a suburban community presents with vomiting, diarrhea, and blurred vision. Physical examination reveals an afebrile child with pinpoint pupils, salivation, and muscular fasciculations. The child's lawn was treated yesterday for insects. Which of the following tests will establish the correct diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 9
Calcium carbonate is given with meals to a child with chronic renal disease. What is the purpose of administering calcium carbonate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In chronic renal disease, the kidneys are not functioning properly, leading to an accumulation of phosphorus in the body. High levels of phosphorus can be harmful and contribute to bone and mineral disorders. Calcium carbonate is often given with meals to bind phosphorus in the gut and prevent its absorption. By binding with phosphorus, calcium carbonate helps lower the levels of phosphorus in the blood, thereby managing complications associated with chronic renal disease, such as renal osteodystrophy. It is an essential part of the treatment plan for patients with chronic kidney disease to help maintain appropriate phosphorus balance in the body and prevent further complications.
Question 3 of 9
The laboratory results of a patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation are likely to include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 9
The home health nurse asks a child's mother many questions as part of the assessment. The mother answers many questions, then stops and says, "I don't know why you ask me all this. Who gets to know this information?" The nurse should take which action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take in this situation is to explain who will have access to the information. This can help build trust with the child's mother and alleviate any concerns she may have about the confidentiality of the information shared during the assessment. By explaining clearly who will have access to the information and how it will be used, the nurse can address the mother's concerns and ensure that she feels comfortable sharing necessary information for the child's care. This open communication is essential in building a supportive and trusting relationship between the nurse and the child's mother.
Question 5 of 9
Ms. CC's laboratory values indicate hemoconcentration secondary to fluid loss. Which of the following intravenous solutions would be most appropriate during initial fluid replacement therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In hemoconcentration due to fluid loss, the primary goal is to rapidly expand the intravascular volume and correct the deficit. The most appropriate intravenous solution for initial fluid replacement therapy in this case is 10% dextrose and saline. This solution is isotonic, which means it has an osmolarity close to that of blood and is effective in quickly restoring intravascular volume without causing significant shifts in electrolytes. The saline component helps to replenish lost electrolytes while the dextrose provides energy and helps prevent hypoglycemia. The combination of dextrose and saline is beneficial for addressing both intravascular volume depletion and dehydration causing hemoconcentration.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old during a well-baby visit. Which of the following findings would warrant the nurse to recommend that the baby have an ultrasound for a possible diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the hip joint does not develop normally. It is important to detect DDH early in infants as it can lead to long-term hip problems. One of the key physical exam findings that may suggest DDH is unequal knee heights when the infant's legs are flexed. This is known as the Galeazzi sign, and it can indicate hip dysplasia or dislocation. Therefore, if a nurse observes this finding during an assessment of a 3-month-old infant, it would warrant recommending an ultrasound to further evaluate for possible DDH. Bilateral plantar flexion, bilateral polydactyly, and a positive Babinski test are not typically associated with DDH.
Question 7 of 9
An adolescent with new-onset diabetes is struggling with 'daytime accidents.' What is this condition called?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities of childhood ALL carries the highest risk of relapse despite intensive chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 9 of 9
Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.