ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 3-year-old boy with asthma has tremors and behavioral changes. ABG: pH 7.35, PCO2 72, HCO3 30. What is the acid-base disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal pH with elevated PCO2 and compensatory HCO3 indicates fully compensated respiratory acidosis, common in chronic CO2 retention from asthma.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following signs is characteristic of poliomyelitis paralysis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Poliomyelitis causes asymmetric, flaccid motor paralysis without sensory loss, as it primarily affects anterior horn cells.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn presents with respiratory distress, scaphoid abdomen, and decreased breath sounds on the left. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) presents with respiratory distress, a scaphoid abdomen due to abdominal contents herniating into the thorax, and decreased breath sounds. It requires urgent intervention to prevent pulmonary hypoplasia complications.
Question 4 of 5
A normal platelet count with prolonged bleeding time is seen in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) involves defective platelet adhesion due to deficient vWF, causing prolonged bleeding time despite normal platelet count.
Question 5 of 5
The parent of 2-week-old Sarah asks the nurse if Sarah needs fluoride supplements, because she is exclusively breast-fed. The nurse's best response is which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluoride supplementation is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics beginning at age 6 months if the child is not drinking adequate amounts of fluoridated water.