ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 29-year-old woman has a positive pregnancy test. She presents to her primary care physician for confirmation. She has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, headaches, seizure disorder, and pulmonary embolus. Her current medications include acetaminophen, ciprofloxacin, warfarin, valproic acid, and methotrexate. Which of the following medications could be maintained at its current dose during her pregnancy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pregnancy limits medication safety. Acetaminophen is safe, used for pain with minimal fetal risk. Ciprofloxacin risks cartilage damage. Methotrexate and Valproic acid are teratogenic. Warfarin (E) causes fetal bleeding. Acetaminophen's profile suits her needs.
Question 2 of 5
What is a common side e昀昀ect of Albuterol?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A common side effect of Albuterol, a bronchodilator medication used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions, is paradoxical bronchospasm. This paradoxical reaction leads to an unexpected constriction of the airways instead of the expected relaxation. It can result in increased breathing difficulties and chest tightness, requiring immediate medical attention. Other possible side effects of Albuterol include tremors, palpitations, headache, and nervousness, but paradoxical bronchospasm is notable due to its potential severity and the need for prompt intervention.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse acknowledges that the first-line drug for treating this client's blood pressure might be which drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors are considered a first-line drug for treating hypertension in many patients. They work by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, leading to vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are well tolerated and have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with hypertension. Other medication classes such as diuretics, alpha blockers, and alpha/beta blockers may also be used in the management of hypertension but ACE inhibitors are often preferred as a first-line therapy due to their efficacy, safety profile, and proven outcomes in hypertension management.
Question 4 of 5
Louie, who is to receive a blood transfusion asks the nurse what is the most common type of infection he could receive from the transfusion. The nurse teaches him that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients contract:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis B infection is the most common serious infection that patients can contract from a blood transfusion. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 250,000 patients receiving a blood transfusion may contract Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Blood banks and healthcare facilities have strict screening and testing procedures in place to minimize the risk of transmitting Hepatitis B through blood transfusions. It is important for patients to be aware of this risk and to follow up with their healthcare provider if they experience any symptoms of Hepatitis B after a blood transfusion.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs is most useful for the treatment of absence seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lamotrigine, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic, treats absence seizures by stabilizing sodium channels and inhibiting glutamate release, though less specific than ethosuximide. Topiramate and levetiracetam manage multiple seizure types but aren't first-line for absence. Tiagabine, a GABA reuptake inhibitor, may worsen absence seizures. Zonisamide has broad efficacy but less absence focus. While ethosuximide is gold standard, lamotrigine's utility in absence, especially in mixed epilepsies, and clinical evidence make it the most useful here among options.