ATI RN
Endocrine Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 29-year-old man with a family history of heart disease presents to his primary care physician for a routine checkup. A lipid profile on a blood draw reveals high LDL and low HDL. One way to decrease the amount of LDL in the blood is to hinder the liver's ability for de novo cholesterol synthesis. Which of the following drugs blocks de novo cholesterol synthesis in hepatocytes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rosuvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin), blocks de novo cholesterol synthesis in the liver by inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme, reducing LDL levels.
Question 2 of 5
A 41-year-old man with end-stage HIV disease has lost approximately 50lb from his baseline weight of 160lb. He now weighs in the fifth percentile for his age group. He is given dronabinol to achieve a change in this area. The most plausible mechanism of action for this medication is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dronabinol, a cannabinoid, stimulates appetite via CB1 receptors in the hypothalamus, addressing weight loss in HIV wasting syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A 43-year-old woman with Type-2 diabetes has been taking insulin with meals as well as metformin. Her blood glucose remains poorly controlled. Her doctor prescribes an additional drug, which is an analog of an endogenous peptide that inhibits glucagon secretion. What is the most likely medication this patient is taking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pramlintide, an amylin analog, inhibits glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, and reduces postprandial glucose spikes in diabetes.
Question 4 of 5
A 72-year-old man with congestive heart failure is hospitalized because of worsening pulmonary and peripheral edema. He is given intravenous furosemide. This agent will likely improve hemodynamics in which of the following ways?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces preload by decreasing venous return through diuresis, alleviating edema and improving CHF hemodynamics.
Question 5 of 5
A 52-year-old man is prescribed with furosemide by his physician to help treat his hypertension. His physician further advises him to avoid NSAIDs for pain because they may antagonize the effects of furosemide. Which of the following describes how NSAIDs may interfere with the effects of furosemide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, which normally enhances furosemide's natriuretic effect; this leads to increased sodium reabsorption, reducing furosemide's efficacy.