ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 28-year-old woman with schizoaffective disorder (combination of mood and psychotic symptoms) reports difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following would be most beneficial in this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Paliperidone, a second-generation antipsychotic, treats schizoaffective disorder's psychotic and mood symptoms via D2 and 5HT2 antagonism. Its moderate sedative effect, less than chlorpromazine's, can aid sleep onset without excessive drowsiness, fitting her insomnia complaint. Lithium stabilizes mood but doesn't sedate or address psychosis directly. Chlorpromazine, a sedating first-generation antipsychotic, risks oversedation and EPS. Haloperidol, non-sedating, controls psychosis but not mood or sleep. Ziprasidone lacks strong sedation. Paliperidone's balanced profile manages her condition holistically, improving sleep while targeting core symptoms, per evidence.
Question 2 of 5
A 13-year-old female complains of an itchy, runny nose during the fall season. She says she experienced similar symptoms around the same time last year. Her family history is significant for hay fever in her mother. Which of the following would be the best choice to treat this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (itchy, runny nose) responds to Montelukast , a leukotriene blocker. Aspirin and Naproxen are NSAIDs. Epinephrine is for anaphylaxis. Terbutaline (E) is a bronchodilator. Montelukast targets allergy inflammation, suitable for her symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
Mandy, a patient, calls the clinic today because he is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat his high cholesterol and is having pain in both of his legs. You instruct him to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, with the patient experiencing leg pain while taking atorvastatin (Lipitor), a medication commonly used to treat high cholesterol, it is essential to prioritize the patient's safety and well-being. Leg pain can be a sign of a rare but serious side effect known as rhabdomyolysis, which can lead to muscle breakdown and potentially affect kidney function. Therefore, it is crucial to immediately discontinue the medication (atorvastatin) and have the patient come in to the clinic to be seen today for further evaluation and management. This will allow healthcare providers to assess the severity of the leg pain, conduct necessary tests, and determine the appropriate course of action to ensure the patient's health and safety.
Question 4 of 5
Which instruction is important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient about imatinib therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of imatinib, leading to increased drug levels and a higher risk of side effects. Patients should be advised to avoid grapefruit juice while on imatinib therapy. Headaches are not typically an emergency unless severe or accompanied by other symptoms. Imatinib is a long-term treatment, not one that stops working after 2 months. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not required; it can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Question 5 of 5
All are peripheral mediators of pain, except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peripheral mediators of pain can sensitize nociceptors and contribute to the perception of pain. Histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins are all examples of peripheral mediators that can induce pain. Amino acids, on the other hand, are not typically considered peripheral mediators of pain. While amino acids are important for many physiological processes in the body, they are not generally associated with the direct modulation of pain signaling pathways in the periphery.