ATI RN
Health Assessment Vital Signs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 28-year-old married clothing sales clerk comes to your clinic for her annual examination. She requests a refill on her birth control pills. Her only complaint is painless bleeding after intercourse. She denies any other symptoms. Her past medical history consists of two spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Her past six Pap smears have all been normal. She is married and has two children. Her mother is in good health and her father has high blood pressure. On examination you see a young woman appearing healthy and relaxed. Her vital signs are unremarkable and her head, eyes, ears, throat, neck, cardiac, lung, and abdominal examinations are normal. Visualization of the perineum shows no lesions or masses. Speculum examination shows a red mass at the os. On taking a Pap smear the mass bleeds easily. Bimanual examination shows no cervical motion tenderness and both ovaries are palpated and nontender. What is the most likely diagnosis for the abnormality of her cervix?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most likely diagnosis for the abnormality of her cervix is Cervical polyp. This is indicated by the red mass at the os that bleeds easily on Pap smear. Cervical polyps are benign growths that can cause bleeding after intercourse. The absence of cervical motion tenderness and palpable ovaries rules out other conditions like Carcinoma of the cervix and Mucopurulent cervicitis. Retention cyst is unlikely as it does not present with a red mass that bleeds easily. In this case, the clinical presentation and findings point towards a cervical polyp as the most likely diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
A 55-year-old smoker complains of chest pain and gestures with a closed fist over her sternum to describe it. Which of the following diagnoses should you consider because of her gesture?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Angina pectoris. The gesture of a closed fist over the sternum is a classic description of angina pectoris, which is chest pain or discomfort due to coronary artery disease. The patient's age, smoking history, and location of pain all point towards a cardiac origin. Bronchitis (A) typically presents with cough and respiratory symptoms, not chest pain. Costochondritis (B) is inflammation of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum, causing localized chest pain worsened by movement or palpation. Pericarditis (C) is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, leading to sharp chest pain worsened by breathing or lying down. Angina pectoris (D) is the most likely diagnosis given the patient's presentation and risk factors.
Question 3 of 5
During a mental status examination, the nurse wants to assess a patient's affect. The nurse should ask the patient which question?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "How do you feel today?" because affect refers to the patient's observable emotional expression. By asking this question, the nurse can assess the patient's emotional state, mood, and overall demeanor. Choices B, C, and D do not specifically address the patient's affect. Choice B focuses on memory and cognitive function, choice C relates to medication effectiveness, and choice D addresses the physical impact of pain on activities of daily living. It is important to ask about the patient's affect to understand their emotional well-being during the mental status examination.
Question 4 of 5
During an interview, the nurse states, 'You mentioned having shortness of breath. Tell me more about that.' Which verbal skill is used with this statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Open-ended question. This type of question encourages the interviewee to provide detailed and descriptive responses, allowing them to freely express their thoughts and feelings. In this scenario, the nurse's question prompts the interviewee to elaborate on their experience with shortness of breath, leading to a more in-depth conversation. Reflection (A) involves restating the interviewee's words, Facilitation (B) involves encouraging the interviewee to continue talking, and Direct question (C) is closed-ended and limits the response to a specific answer, unlike the open-ended question used in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing percussion techniques with a newly graduated nurse. Which technique indicates that more review is needed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Percussing once over each area is incorrect because percussion should involve multiple strikes to accurately assess underlying structures. 2. Percussion requires a series of light and rapid strikes to elicit different sounds based on tissue density. 3. By percussing only once, the nurse may miss subtle differences in sound pitch and quality, leading to inaccurate assessments. 4. Therefore, more review is needed to ensure the nurse understands the importance of multiple percussion strikes for proper assessment. Summary of other choices: B. Quickly lifting the striking finger after each stroke is a correct technique to enhance the accuracy of percussion. C. Striking with the fingertip, not the finger pad, is important to produce clear sounds during percussion. D. Using the wrist to make the strikes, not the arm, is the correct technique to achieve controlled and precise percussion strikes.