ATI RN
Endocrine Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 28-year-old man who is obese is found to have a hemoglobin \A_{1c of 9.5%. He has been unable to adequately control his blood sugar with diet and exercise alone. His physician wishes to prescribe an insulin product to help control his blood sugar level. Which of the following is the longest acting to provide this patient a low, baseline insulin dose that will last throughout the day?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin glargine is the longest-acting basal insulin, providing a steady, 24-hour glucose-lowering effect without peaks.
Question 2 of 5
A 43-year-old man with dyslipidemia comes to the clinic for a routine checkup. He currently takes atorvastatin but is not achieving his target lipid profile. The physician prescribes colesevelam to help. Which of the following changes is expected as a result of this new therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Colesevelam, a bile acid sequestrant, can cause hyperglycemia by reducing insulin sensitivity, though it lowers LDL.
Question 3 of 5
A week-old newborn male presents to clinic for a routine checkup. His birth history and delivery were uncomplicated. He is being breastfed and has had no difficulty feeding. The parents are concerned because he does not seem to have male genital characteristics. Physical examination reveals female external genitalia seen without a scrotum or descended testicles. What androgen is the patient lacking that is the cause of his condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DHT is critical for male external genitalia development; its absence (e.g., in 5alpha-reductase deficiency) results in female-appearing genitalia despite XY karyotype.
Question 4 of 5
An 18-year-old female with diabetes presents to the clinic for her annual visit. Over the past year, she has experienced daily nausea and occasional vomiting. She has learned that eating small amounts of food at a time helps to decrease the frequency of vomiting. She is diagnosed with diabetic gastroparesis and started on metoclopramide. What is a side effect of metoclopramide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoclopramide, a prokinetic, can cause tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder, with prolonged use.
Question 5 of 5
A 37-year-old man is found to have hypercholesterolemia during a routine checkup. The physician prescribes lovastatin and counsels the patient to make healthy dietary and lifestyle changes to keep his cholesterol under control. Two months later, he returns for a follow-up visit, and the physician discovers his LDL level remains virtually unchanged. He insists that he is taking the medication exactly as prescribed. The physician knows lovastatin is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 3A4. What else may he be using that would explain his condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: St. John's wort induces CYP3A4, increasing lovastatin metabolism and reducing its efficacy, explaining unchanged LDL.