ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 25-yr-old male patient calls the clinic reporting diarrhea for 24 hours. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because asking the patient to describe the stools and associated symptoms helps the nurse gather important information for assessment. Understanding the frequency, consistency, color, and presence of blood in the stools can help determine the severity and potential causes of diarrhea. This information guides the nurse in deciding the appropriate next steps for care. Option A is incorrect as testing should be based on assessment findings. Option C is premature without assessing the patient first. Option B lacks relevance to the assessment process.
Question 2 of 5
Proteins are split by all of the following pancreatic factors except which one?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: zymogen. Zymogen is an inactive precursor form of an enzyme that is converted to its active form by certain conditions, such as pH or other enzymes. In contrast, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and carboxypeptidase are all pancreatic enzymes directly involved in the breakdown of proteins. Therefore, zymogen does not directly split proteins, making it the exception among the pancreatic factors listed.
Question 3 of 5
Bile facilitates digestion by causing the _____ of fats.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bile facilitates digestion by emulsifying fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for better absorption. Emulsification increases the surface area of fats for enzymes to work on. Hydrolysis (A) is the breakdown of molecules by adding water, not specific to fats. Digestion (B) is a general term encompassing all processes, not specific to fats. Catalysis (C) refers to the process of speeding up chemical reactions but doesn't specifically relate to fats like emulsification does.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a major site of nutrient absorption?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: jejunum. The jejunum is a major site of nutrient absorption in the small intestine due to its extensive surface area and presence of villi and microvilli that facilitate absorption of nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The duodenum primarily functions in digestion, the ileum mainly absorbs vitamin B12 and bile salts, and the colon absorbs water and electrolytes. Therefore, the jejunum is the correct choice for being a major site of nutrient absorption.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Providing a sedative before the colonoscopy is appropriate as it helps reduce anxiety and discomfort during the procedure. Step 2: Sedatives induce relaxation and drowsiness, making the client feel sleepy and less likely to experience pain. Step 3: Addressing the client's anxiety by mentioning the sedative shows empathy and reassurance. Step 4: This option focuses on addressing the client's concern about pain during the procedure effectively. Summary: - Option A dismisses the client's concerns and does not provide a solution. - Option C acknowledges the anxiety but does not offer a specific solution. - Option D delays addressing the client's anxiety without providing immediate reassurance or information.