A 25-year-old female tells the nurse, 'I have always planned on having children, but now I have been diagnosed with leukemia. I will start chemotherapy treatments soon.' The nurse should discuss which fertility preservation options with this patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cryopreservation. This option allows the patient to preserve her fertility by freezing her eggs before starting chemotherapy, which may affect her ovarian function. Cryopreservation is the most suitable choice in this scenario as it provides the patient with the opportunity to have biological children in the future. Donor oocytes (choice A) and gestational carrier (choice B) are not relevant options for this patient as she wants to use her own eggs. Ovulation induction with oocyte retrieval (choice C) may not be feasible due to the urgency of starting chemotherapy and the potential risks associated with ovarian stimulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The purpose of tracking cervical mucus changes during the menstrual cycle is to predict ovulation. Cervical mucus consistency changes throughout the cycle, becoming clear and stretchy around ovulation. This method helps determine the most fertile days for conception. Monitoring hormone levels (B) requires blood tests. Identifying signs of infection (A) involves different symptoms. Determining luteal phase length (D) usually requires tracking basal body temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consume a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. This recommendation is based on the importance of a balanced and nutritious diet for overall health and fertility. Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support reproductive health. High-protein diets (choice A) may be beneficial but should not be the sole focus. Eliminating all sources of fat (choice C) is not recommended as healthy fats are essential for hormone production. Increasing caffeine intake (choice D) can have negative effects on fertility. In summary, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provides the necessary nutrients for optimal fertility.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, exposure to high temperatures. Sperm quality can be significantly affected by high temperatures as heat can damage sperm production. Elevated scrotal temperatures can impair sperm production and motility. Frequent exercise (choice A) is generally beneficial for overall health, including reproductive function. The use of mobile phones (choice B) has not been definitively linked to male infertility. Dietary habits (choice D) can influence overall health but are not as directly linked to sperm quality as exposure to high temperatures.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because IVF allows for genetic testing of embryos before transfer, enabling couples to screen for genetic disorders and select healthy embryos. This statement is accurate as genetic testing is a crucial benefit of IVF. The other choices are incorrect because: A is incorrect as IVF success rates vary and are not 100%; C is incorrect as hormonal injections are often necessary in IVF to stimulate egg production; D is incorrect as fertility medications are commonly used to prepare the body for IVF procedures.