ATI RN
Chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 24-year-old male soldier has just returned from a duty tour in Iraq. He complains of a 3-cm diameter nonhealing ulcer on his left forearm. He reports having an insect bite there while in Iraq. Which of the following drugs would be best for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium stibogluconate is the treatment of choice for cutaneous leishmaniasis, a protozoal infection from sandfly bites in Iraq, causing nonhealing ulcers.
Question 2 of 5
A 31-year-old woman with HIV disease complains of vulvar itching, burning, and vaginal discharge with rancid odor for 2 months. She presents to the ambulatory care clinic for evaluation. She has had unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple male partners during the past several weeks. The vaginal discharge is yellow-green in color, frothy, and has a pH of 7.0. Vulvovaginal examination reveals vulvar edema and erythema and petechia on the cervix. Wet smear reveals large numbers of mature epithelial cells, white blood cells, and a fusiform protozoan organism. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metronidazole is the treatment of choice for trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis), a protozoal infection causing frothy, yellow-green discharge and vaginal inflammation.
Question 3 of 5
A 34-year-old woman complains of fever, fatigue, weight loss, arthralgia, and transient patchy alopecia during the last 3 months. Her review of systems is notable for occasional rhinorrhea and cough that responds well to oral decongestant therapy. Her prior surgical history is notable for cesarean section and tubal ligation at age 31 years. A similar constellation of symptoms occurred 6 months ago during treatment for a cardiovascular disease. Antinuclear antibody testing was positive at her last visit 6 months ago and is still positive at the present time. Presently, her hematocrit is 36% and creatinine is 1.2 mg/dL. The most likely etiology of this constellation of symptoms and findings is related to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Procainamide, used for arrhythmias, can cause drug-induced lupus, presenting with fever, arthralgia, alopecia, and positive ANA, consistent with her cardiovascular treatment history.
Question 4 of 5
A 41-year-old man with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disorder and diabetes mellitus is managed with cimetidine and diet/exercise for these disorders. The fact that he takes cimetidine means that the treating physician must be attune to increased effects of which of the following drugs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cimetidine, an H2 blocker, inhibits CYP450 enzymes (e.g., CYP2C9), increasing serum levels of phenytoin, a narrow therapeutic index drug, risking toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A 41-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia is undergoing a weekly intravenous infusion of chemotherapeutic agents. Upon completion of each cycle, she develops severe nausea and vomiting. A pharmacologic agent is administered intravenously, which seems to decrease nausea in this patient. This agent might have a mechanism of action at which of the following receptors?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, is commonly used IV to block serotonin-mediated nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy.