A 24-year-old male comes to the clinic complaining of vague abdominal pain, headaches, sweating, and unintentional weight loss. Urinalysis reveals elevated levels of catecholamine metabolites. Which of the following is a metabolite specific to the breakdown of epinephrine?

A 24-year-old male comes to the clinic complaining of vague abdominal pain, headaches, sweating, and unintentional weight loss. Urinalysis reveals elevated levels of catecholamine metabolites. Which of the following is a metabolite specific to the breakdown of epinephrine?

A 48-year-old man with schizophrenia on thioridazine for 20 years develops bilateral facial and jaw movements and rhythmic motions of his tongue. Physical examination of the heart, lungs, and abdomen are unremarkable. What is the most likely aberration on a neurotransmitter level?

A 78-year-old man with a long history of seizure disorder controlled with phenytoin presents to his dentist for routine follow-up. Which of the following findings must the dentist be concerned about and evaluate for?

A 47-year-old woman is recovering from a hysterectomy. Her physician prescribes an opioid analgesic as needed for postoperative pain. Opioids can cause many effects in addition to analgesia including constipation, respiratory depression, euphoria, miosis, and drowsiness. With prolonged use, tolerance develops to most of these effects. Which of the following effects persists in spite of tolerance leading to a decrease in the other effects?

A novel medication to treat gastric motility disorders will act at the terminal step in the synthesis/breakdown of acetylcholine. Which of the following is the terminal step in the synthesis and release of acetylcholine?